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Begomovirus has become a potential threat to the agriculture sector. It causes significant losses to several economically important crops. Given this considerable loss, the development of tools to study viral genomes and function is needed. Infectious clones approaches and applications have allowed the direct exploitation of virus genomes. Infectious clones of DNA viruses are the critical instrument for functional characterization of the notable and newly discovered virus. Understanding of structure and composition of viruses has contributed to the evolution of molecular plant pathology. Therefore, this review provides extensive guidelines on the strategy to construct infectious clones of . Also, this technique's impacts and benefits in controlling and understanding the infection will be discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10070604 | DOI Listing |
J Virol
September 2025
National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China.
Feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) can cause an immune-mediated disease that is fatal to felines, but there is a lack of clinically effective protection conferred by vaccines. The methyltransferase (MTase) activity of the coronavirus nonstructural proteins nsp14 and nsp16 affects virulence, but there are no studies on the effect of nsp14 and nsp16 mutations affecting enzyme activity on the virulence of FIPV. In this study, we successfully rescued two mutant strains based on the previous infectious clone QS-79, named FIPV QS-79 dnsp14 and dnsp16, by mutating the MTase active sites of nsp14 (N415) and nsp16 (D129).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucleic Acids Res
September 2025
School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, T12 Y337, Ireland.
The genomes of 43 distinct lactococcal strains were reconstructed by a combination of long- and short-read sequencing, resolving the plasmid complement and methylome of these strains. The genomes comprised 43 chromosomes of approximately 2.5 Mb each and 269 plasmids ranging from 2 to 211 kb (at an average occurrence of 6 per strain).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmBio
September 2025
Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Québec, Canada.
HIV-1-mediated CD4 downregulation is a well-known mechanism that protects infected cells from antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). While CD4 downregulation by HIV-1 Nef and Vpu proteins has been extensively studied, the contribution of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein (Env) in this mechanism is less understood. While Env is known to retain CD4 in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through its CD4-binding site (CD4bs), little is known about the mechanisms underlying this process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
September 2025
Northwell, New Hyde Park, NY, United States.
Immunoglobulins (IGs) made by chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) B cells are unique in that they bind themselves (homo-dimerize). This interaction leads to signal transduction with functional consequences that depend on the affinity of homo-dimerization. We have studied the antigen-binding properties of the IGs from a subset of patients with CLL (Subset #4) that homo-dimerize at high affinity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Microbiol
September 2025
Listeria: Biology and Infection Research Group (LisBio), Valencia, Spain.
Listeria monocytogenes is a saprophytic bacterium and a foodborne pathogen of humans and animals. Little is known about its distribution and genetic diversity across different environments within the same geographical region. We conducted a large-scale longitudinal study in southeastern Spain monitoring Listeria spp.
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