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Background: Preclinical studies suggested that pharmacological inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) by ACE inhibitors (ACEis) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) may increase local angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) expression.
Methods: In this study, we evaluated the effect of ACEi or ARB treatment on expression of ACE2, ACE, and AGTR1 in 3-month protocol kidney allograft biopsies of stable patients using RT-qPCR (n = 48). Protein ACE2 expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry from paraffin sections.
Results: The therapy with RAAS blockers was not associated with increased ACE2, ACE, or ATGR1 expression in kidney allografts and also ACE2 protein immunohistochemistry did not reveal differences among groups.
Conclusions: ACEis or ARBs in kidney transplant recipients do not affect local ACE2 expression. This observation supports long-term RAAS treatment in kidney transplant recipients, despite acute complications such as COVID-19 where ACE2 serves as the entry protein for infection.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000513710 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
August 2025
Allergy and Immunology, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center Program, Cleveland, USA.
Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of angioedema, most often due to a deficiency or dysfunction of C1 esterase inhibitor. This deficiency leads to an accumulation of bradykinin, a pro-inflammatory peptide that increases vascular permeability and causes localized swelling. Although some HAE flares occur spontaneously, known triggers include trauma, stress, and infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFolia Med Cracov
December 2024
Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
Studies have shown important interactions between the local renin-angiotensin and monoaminergic systems in physiology and pathophysiology. Yet the understanding of such interactions in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and GI-associated diseases is the least understood. Thus, the aim of our study was to characterize the expression pattern of DDC and ACE2 along the GI tract (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon) of control female Wistar rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceuticals (Basel)
August 2025
Department of Pathogen Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been a global pandemic since 2019, but effective therapeutic treatments for it remain limited. Shuqing Granule (SG) is a traditional Chinese medicine containing ingredients such as indirubin, shinpterocarpin, naringenin, and quercetin. It exhibits anti-inflammatory and antiviral activities as well as broad-spectrum antiviral effects, yet its potential role in the treatment of COVID-19 remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Med
August 2025
Division of Internal Medicine 2, Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, A. Cardarelli Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are among the most widespread drugs for the prevention of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Nevertheless, they are known to cause bradykinin (BK)-mediated angioedema (AE), a paroxysmal, localized, self-limiting, and potentially fatal swelling of the subcutaneous and/or submucosal tissue, due to a temporary increase in vascular permeability. Unlike hereditary angioedema (HAE), which can be mediated similarly by BK, no diagnostic tools, guidelines, or drugs have yet been approved for the diagnosis and treatment of acute non-allergic drug-induced AE.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLife (Basel)
August 2025
Experimental and Clinical Physiopathology Research Group CTS-1039, Department of Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Jaén, E-23071 Jaén, Spain.
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has evolved from being considered solely a peripheral endocrine system for cardiovascular control to being recognized as a complex molecular network with important functions in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS). Here we examine the organization, mechanisms of action, and clinical implications of cerebral RAS in physiological conditions and in various neurological pathologies. The cerebral RAS operates autonomously, synthesizing its main components locally due to restrictions imposed by the blood-brain barrier.
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