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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12916-021-01946-1 | DOI Listing |
BMC Med
March 2021
Laboratory for Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital - Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
JAMA Neurol
January 2020
Neuromuscular Diseases Research Section, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.
Am J Epidemiol
December 2018
MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
Mendelian randomization (MR) is gaining in recognition and popularity as a method for strengthening causal inference in epidemiology by utilizing genetic variants as instrumental variables. Concurrently with the explosion in empirical MR studies, there has been the steady production of new approaches for MR analysis. The recently proposed "global and individual tests for direct effects" (GLIDE) approach fits into a family of methods that aim to detect horizontal pleiotropy-at the individual single nucleotide polymorphism level and at the global level-and to adjust the analysis by removing outlying single nucleotide polymorphisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStat Med
July 2005
Department of Health Sciences, Centre for Biostatistics and Genetic Epidemiology, University of Leicester, 22-28 Princess Rd West, Leicester, LE1 6TP, U.K.
In traditional epidemiological studies the association between phenotype (risk factor) and disease is often biased by confounding and reverse causation. As a person's genotype is assigned by a seemingly random process, genes are potentially useful instrumental variables for adjusting for such bias. This type of adjustment combines information on the genotype-disease association and the genotype-phenotype association to estimate the phenotype-disease association and has become known as Mendelian randomization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF