98%
921
2 minutes
20
We review the most innovative efforts and greatest challenges faced when elucidating multicomponent reactions (MCRs) mechanisms. When compared to traditional reactions, the often two or more concurrent reactions pathways and the greater number of possible intermediates in MCRs turn their mechanistic investigation both a harder and trickier task. The common approaches used to investigate reaction mechanisms are often unable to clarify MCRs mechanisms; hence few but clever approaches are currently used to determine these mechanisms and to depict their key transformations. Their complexity has required most innovative approaches and the use of a number of unique techniques that have shed light over the favored pathway selected from the myriad of alternatives theoretically available for MCRs. This review focuses on the most successful efforts applied by a few leading groups to perform these puzzlingly investigations.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tcr.202000165 | DOI Listing |
Sci Rep
September 2025
Paleoanthropology Section, Department of Geosciences, Institute for Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Human communication is remarkable for its flexibility, a trait largely reflected in its multimodal nature and shared to some extent with nonhuman primates. Although individual differences in social behaviour are known to have evolutionary implications, their role in shaping primate communication remains largely unexplored. This study adopts a multimodal framework to partition variation in chimpanzees' use of multicomponent and multisensory communicative strategies into socio-environmental, between-individual, and within-individual sources.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Divers
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
The catalytic asymmetric Mannich reaction is a multicomponent reaction which affords β-amino carbonyl compounds by utilizing an aldehyde, a primary or secondary amine/ammonia, and a ketone. β-amino carbonyl scaffolds are crucial intermediates for the synthesis of naturally occurring bioactive compounds and their derivatives. The synthesized natural compounds exhibit a broad spectrum of biological activities including anti-fungal, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, anti-HIV, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Commun (Camb)
September 2025
Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China.
An unexpected additive-controlled chemodivergent multi-component domino reaction of salicylaldehydes with MBH carbonates has been skillfully developed. Interestingly, acid additives regulate the reaction to form functionalized cyclohexenes or natural coumarin derivatives. Notably, the coumarins were produced a novel phosphine-mediated α-umpolung/Wittig olefination/cycloaddition/lactonization/elimination cascade.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Patna, Patna, Bihar, 801106, India.
In this work, we report the design, synthesis, and application of a hyper-crosslinked heterogeneous organometallic porous organic polymer (Pd@TP-DPPF) catalyst for the efficient and sustainable dicarbofunctionalization of internal alkynes via a facile three-component reaction. This strategy enables the highly trans-selective syntheses of tetrasubstituted olefins in excellent yields. The catalyst is constructed by integrating triptycene (TP) and 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (DPPF) into a robust palladium-based porous framework, resulting in a unique heterogeneous system that efficiently mediates the coupling of internal alkynes with readily available iodoarenes and aryl/methyl boronic acids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcc Chem Res
September 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Small Molecule Discovery Center, University of California, San Francisco 94158, United States.
ConspectusProtein-protein interactions (PPIs) play a key role in homeostasis and are often dysregulated in disease. PPIs were traditionally considered "undruggable" due to their flat surfaces and disordered domains. Recently, the identification of PPI stabilizers, or molecular glues (MGs), compounds that bind cooperatively to PPI interfaces, has provided a new direction for the field.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF