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High consumption of fructose has paralleled an explosion in metabolic disorders including obesity and type 2 diabetes. Even more problematic, sustained consumption of fructose is perceived as a threat for brain function and development of neurological disorders. The action of fructose on peripheral organs is an excellent model to understand how systemic physiology impacts the brain. Given the recognized action of fructose on liver metabolism, here we discuss mechanisms by which fructose can impact the brain by interacting with liver and other organs. The interaction between peripheral and central mechanisms is a suitable target to reduce the pathophysiological consequences of neurological disorders.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.166036 | DOI Listing |
ACS Nano
September 2025
International School of Microelectronics, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, China.
Mimicking human brain functionalities with neuromorphic devices represents a pivotal breakthrough in developing bioinspired electronic systems. The human somatosensory system provides critical environmental information and facilitates responses to harmful stimuli, endowing us with good adaptive capabilities. However, current sensing technologies often struggle with insufficient sensitivity, dynamic response, and integration challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm
November 2025
Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, NY; and.
Background And Objectives: While reductions in optical coherence tomography (OCT) pRNFL and ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thicknesses have been shown to be associated with brain atrophy in adult-onset MS (AOMS) cohorts, the relationship between OCT and brain MRI measures is less established in pediatric-onset MS (POMS). Our aim was to examine the associations of OCT measures with volumetric MRI in a cohort of patients with POMS to determine whether OCT measures reflect CNS neurodegeneration in this patient population, as is seen in AOMS cohorts.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with retrospective ascertainment of patients with POMS evaluated at a single center with expertise in POMS and neuro-ophthalmology.
Cuad Bioet
September 2025
Facultad de Farmacia y Nutrición de la Universidad de Navarra, Irunlarrea, 1, 31008 Pamplona.
In recent years, there has been a significant increase in minors with gender dysphoria (GD) seeking transition treatments, including puberty blockers and cross-sex hormones. The developing child's brain exhibits structural and functional differences in children with GD compared to cisgender children, particularly in areas where sex differences exist. Brain development during childhood and adolescence is strongly influenced by sex hormones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain
September 2025
Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, 13005 Marseille, France.
The lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) serves as a critical hub for higher-order cognitive and executive functions in the human brain, coordinating brain networks whose disruption has been implicated in many neurological and psychiatric disorders. While transcranial brain stimulation treatments often target the LPFC, our current understanding of connectivity profiles guiding these interventions based on electrophysiology remains limited. Here, we present a high-resolution probabilistic map of bidirectional effective connectivity between the LPFC and widespread cortical and subcortical regions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Signal
September 2025
Department of Surgery, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA.
Amphetamines are psychostimulants that are commonly used to treat neuropsychiatric disorders and are prone to misuse. The pathogenesis of amphetamine use disorder (AUD) is associated with dysbiosis (an imbalance in the body's microbiome) and bacterially produced short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are implicated in the gut-brain axis. Amphetamine exposure in both rats and humans increases the amount of intestinal , which releases SFCAs.
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