Rheumatic Fever: A Model of Autoimmune Disease due to Molecular Mimicry between Human and Pathogen Proteins.

Crit Rev Immunol

Department of Clinical Medicine, Clinical Hospital and Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo; Heart Institute (InCor), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo; Institute for Immunology Investigation, Millennium Institute, São Paulo.

Published: October 2021


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Article Abstract

Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is caused by an autoimmune response to throat infection with Streptococcus pyogenes in individuals who present some susceptibility genes. Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the major sequela and can cause heart failure and premature mortality. The disease is mediated by humoral and cellular immune responses. In this review, we present the major events that can trigger heart lesions.

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/CritRevImmunol.2020035024DOI Listing

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