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Candidiasis caused by species of the complex ( and ) and closely related species, and are increasing. These species often show reduced susceptibility to antifungal drugs, such as azoles and amphotericin B or, less frequently, echinocandins. However, conventional phenotypic identification methods are unable to accurately differentiate these species and, therefore, their prevalence may have been underestimated. In this study, 150 isolates that were probably misidentified were reanalyzed using two novel PCR approaches. We found that one isolate previously identified in 1996 as was , being one of the oldest isolates of this species described to date. We also found that this isolate had reduced susceptibility to fluconazole, itraconazole, and amphotericin B.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof6040374 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
Although clinical research has revealed microglia-related inflammatory and immune responses in bipolar disorder (BD) patient brains, it remains unclear how microglia contribute to the pathogenesis of BD. Here, we demonstrated that Serinc2 is associated with susceptibility to BD and showed a reduced expression in BDII patient plasma, which correlated with the disease severity. Using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) models of sporadic and familial BDII patients, we found that Serinc2 expression showed deficits in iPSC-derived microglia-like cells, resulting in decreased synaptic pruning.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS Pathog
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
Hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (Hnf4α), a conserved nuclear receptor central to vertebrate liver development and metabolic regulation, emerges here as a pivotal immune regulator in teleosts against complex infectious threats. While its metabolic roles are well-established, Hnf4α's function in bacterial infection, viral infection, and bacterial-viral coinfection-major challenges in global aquaculture-remained uncharacterized. This study reveals that teleost Hnf4α acts as a dual-functional immune checkpoint, essential for combating Aeromonas salmonicida, grass carp reovirus (GCRV), and their coinfection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClin Infect Dis
September 2025
Department of Global Health, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Background: South Africa faces emerging resistance to TB drugs like bedaquiline. Phenotypic drug susceptibility testing (DST), the current reference standard for bedaquiline DST, has long turnaround times. Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) offers a comprehensive alternative, potentially delivering faster results.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmBio
September 2025
Flinders Accelerator for Microbiome Exploration, College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) ESKAPE pathogens pose a significant global health threat due to their ability to evade antibiotics through intrinsic and acquired mechanisms. These bacteria, including , , , , , and species, evade antibiotics through intrinsic and adaptive mechanisms. Common strategies include capsule formation, biofilm, β-lactamase production, and efflux activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Antimicrob Chemother
September 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan College of Pharmacy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Background: Synergy between antibiotic pairs is typically discovered using chequerboard assays that assume uniform, static drug exposure; however, such conditions rarely apply in vivo. Dynamic and heterogeneous tissue environments create spatial and temporal mismatches in drug exposure that can uncouple synergistic interactions, leading to unexpected treatment failure.
Objective: This study aims to develop a physiologically relevant in vitro model that integrates infection-site microenvironments and drug-specific pharmacokinetics.