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Article Abstract
Background: Dirofilariasis is a zoonotic parasitic infection transmitted from animals to humans by culicid mosquitoes. Although the disease can be caused by Dirofilaria spp. including Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens, human ocular dirofilariasis due to D. immitis is relatively rare in the world. This study was aimed to present a case of ocular dirofilariasis caused by D. immitis in southeastern Iran.
Case Presentation: A nematode extracted from the right eye of a 69-year-old man referred with clinical symptoms including itching and redness was examined. After the morphometric analysis, Dirofilaria parasite was detected. Afterwards, a piece of worm body was cut and DNA was extracted and a 680-bp gene fragment amplification and nucleotide sequencing were performed. Phylogenetic analysis revealed a D. immitis roundworm as the causative agent of infection. The patient was treated with antibiotics and corticosteroid and followed up for 1 month.
Conclusion: The present study provides the second report on ocular dirofilariasis caused by D. immitis isolated from a human in southeast Iran. Based on the available evidence, dirofilariasis in dogs has significantly increased in endemic areas such as Iran. Therefore, physicians should be aware of such zoonotic nematodes so as to take proper and timely action and treatment against the disease.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7367333 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12879-020-05182-5 | DOI Listing |
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Article Synopsis
- Human dirofilariasis is a parasitic disease becoming more prevalent in India, affecting humans as accidental hosts, leading to symptoms like pulmonary, ocular, or subcutaneous nodules.
- A study conducted among dogs in Kani tribal settlements revealed that over 25% were infected with Dirofilaria sp. hongkongensis, the same strain linked to human cases.
- The study highlights the increased risk for the Kani tribes due to their forest habitat and underscores the need for better awareness and surveillance concerning this disease and its mosquito vectors.