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In 1997, a study based on X-ray crystallography revealed that resorcinarenes adopt a hexameric capsule-like structure. The function of resorcinarenes has been discussed on the basis of this structure; however, our recent study showed that the hexamer may be only one of resorcinarenes' polymorphic members. Here, we present the solvent dependence of the aggregation number of -undecylresorcinarene in water-saturated toluene and chloroform using small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering and analytical ultracentrifugation measurements. We found that a new octamer was formed in toluene where the eight resorcinarene units were placed at the vertices of a regular cube; this contrasts to the previous structure in chloroform, namely, a hexamer with the six resorcinarenes located at the vertices of a regular octahedron that has a cavity inside where chloroform molecules are pooled.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00861 | DOI Listing |
ArXiv
May 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Kansas Medical Center, USA.
Background: Lattice radiotherapy (LATTICE) is a technique of spatially fractionated radiation therapy (SFRT) that delivers high radiation doses to specific regions (vertices) within a large tumor, forming a spatially modulated "lattice" pattern, while surrounding areas receive lower doses to minimize damage to healthy tissues. In LATTICE, vertices (regions of high dose) are typically placed at regular intervals within tumors, such as simple cubic or hexagonal arrangement, which limits the flexibility needed to adapt to irregular tumor shapes and the proximity of critical organs, potentially leading to unexpected hotspots or under-treatment of tumor regions. Optimizing the placement of vertices in LATTICE is beneficial for precisely targeting high-dose regions within the tumor while minimizing radiation exposure to adjacent healthy tissue, but there is still no optimization method available for solving the positions of fully flexible placed vertices.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
April 2025
Department of Mathematics, St. Joseph's College of Engineering, Chennai, 600119, India.
Interconnection networks are more vital in telecommunications because of the significant raise in the demand for high-speed networks as a result of the widespread use of computers and the growth of the internet. The hypercube is a versatile network with outstanding qualities that are important for developing extensively in parallel and distributed systems, which include smaller size diameter, recursive structure, symmetry, regularity, low degree, and scalability. In the realm of distributed systems, scalability is seen as an elasticity component of interconnection networks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIEEE Trans Med Imaging
August 2025
Mesh-based cortical surface reconstruction is essential for neuroimaging, enabling precise measurements of brain morphology such as cortical thickness. Establishing vertex correspondence between individual cortical meshes and group templates allows vertex-level comparisons, but traditional methods require time-consuming post-processing steps to achieve vertex correspondence. While deep learning has improved accuracy in cortical surface reconstruction, optimizing vertex correspondence has not been the focus of prior work.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBull Math Biol
February 2025
Department of Mathematics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
Rooted phylogenetic networks, or more generally, directed acyclic graphs (DAGs), are widely used to model species or gene relationships that traditional rooted trees cannot fully capture, especially in the presence of reticulate processes or horizontal gene transfers. Such networks or DAGs are typically inferred from observable data (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis
November 2024
Soft x-ray wafer-metrology experiments are characterized by low signal-to-noise ratios and lack phase information, which both cause difficulties with the accurate three-dimensional profiling of small geometrical features of structures on a wafer. To this end, we extend an existing phase-based inverse-scattering method to demonstrate a sub-nanometer and noise-robust reconstruction of the targets by synthetic soft x-ray scatterometry experiments. The targets are modeled as three-dimensional finite dielectric scatterers embedded in a planarly layered medium, where a scatterer's geometry and spatial permittivity distribution are described by a uniform polygonal cross section along its height.
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