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The automatic and unsupervised analysis of biomedical time series is of primary importance for diagnostic and preventive medicine, enabling fast and reliable data processing to reveal clinical insights without the need for human intervention. Representation learning (RL) methods perform an automatic extraction of meaningful features that can be used, e.g., for a subsequent classification of the measured data. The goal of this study is to explore and quantify the benefits of RL techniques of varying degrees of complexity, focusing on modern deep learning (DL) architectures. We focus on the automatic classification of atrial fibrillation (AF) events from noisy single-lead electrocardiographic signals (ECG) obtained from wireless sensors. This is an important task as it allows the detection of sub-clinical AF which is hard to diagnose with a short in-clinic 12-lead ECG. The effectiveness of the considered architectures is quantified and discussed in terms of classification performance, memory/data efficiency and computational complexity.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MC.2019.2932716 | DOI Listing |
Stroke
September 2025
Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT (L.H.S.).
Preclinical stroke research faces a critical translational gap, with animal studies failing to reliably predict clinical efficacy. To address this, the field is moving toward rigorous, multicenter preclinical randomized controlled trials (mpRCTs) that mimic phase 3 clinical trials in several key components. This collective statement, derived from experts involved in mpRCTs, outlines considerations for designing and executing such trials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Child Lang
September 2025
Department of Psychology, University of TorontoMississauga, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
A growing literature explores the representational detail of infants' early lexical representations, but no study has investigated how exposure to real-life acoustic-phonetic variation impacts these representations. Indeed, previous experimental work with young infants has largely ignored the impact of accent exposure on lexical development. We ask how routine exposure to accent variation affects 6-month-olds' ability to detect mispronunciations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Hum Behav
September 2025
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Biomedical Engineering and Instrument Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Understanding how sentences are represented in the human brain, as well as in large language models (LLMs), poses a substantial challenge for cognitive science. Here we develop a one-shot learning task to investigate whether humans and LLMs encode tree-structured constituents within sentences. Participants (total N = 372, native Chinese or English speakers, and bilingual in Chinese and English) and LLMs (for example, ChatGPT) were asked to infer which words should be deleted from a sentence.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Immunother Cancer
September 2025
CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy (nICT) has demonstrated significant potential in improving pathological response rates and survival outcomes for patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, substantial interindividual variability in therapeutic outcomes highlights the urgent need for more precise predictive tools to guide clinical decision-making. Traditional biomarkers remain limited in both predictive performance and clinical feasibility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosci Methods
September 2025
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, IIT (ISM) Dhanbad, Dhanbad, 826004, Jharkhand, India. Electronic address:
Background: Interpretation of motor imagery (MI) in brain-computer interface (BCI) applications is largely driven by the use of electroencephalography (EEG) signals. However, precise classification in stroke patients remains challenging due to variability, non-stationarity, and abnormal EEG patterns.
New Methods: To address these challenges, an integrated architecture is proposed, combining multi-domain feature extraction with evolutionary optimization for enhanced EEG-based MI classification.