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The German "Energiewende" is heavily based on electric power and, therefore, requests solutions to serve non-electric energy uses and to store electric energy in large scale. Synthetic natural gas (SNG) produced with hydrogen from water electrolysis and with CO from mainly renewable sources is one approach. For the catalytic SNG production efficient removal and utilization of the reaction heat is the main issue. A metallic honeycomb-like carrier-based reactor proved in laboratory scale to match this challenge. This type of reactor shows good heat conductivity and enables optimized operation. In the EU-funded project Store&Go the honeycomb methanation is scaled up to MW-scale. For this, heat transfer and kinetic data were determined experimentally and used in CFD calculations for the reactor design. Finally a SNG plant with 1 MW feed-in will be built and fully integrated operation will be shown.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.201700139 | DOI Listing |
Nat Comput Sci
September 2025
PGI-15, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
Transformer networks, driven by self-attention, are central to large language models. In generative transformers, self-attention uses cache memory to store token projections, avoiding recomputation at each time step. However, graphics processing unit (GPU)-stored projections must be loaded into static random-access memory for each new generation step, causing latency and energy bottlenecks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum (Beijing), Beijing, 102249, China.
This study introduces the HydroTherm-Flow Smart Window (HTF Window), the first groundbreaking integration of thermochromic windows and Fe-Cr redox flow batteries (Fe-Cr RFBs), achieving dual functionalities of dynamic solar modulation-via dual-band (visible + near-infrared, NIR) modulation-and high-efficiency energy storage in a single component. Leveraging tunable hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) hydrogels, it enables ultrafast optical switching and autonomous nighttime opacity, overcoming the slow response and privacy limitations of conventional thermochromic systems. By repurposing the window as a compact electrolyte reservoir, it reduces the RFB spatial footprint while enhancing ionic conductivity by 30% via hydrogel "ion highways," achieving 77% energy efficiency with a 40% reduction in the solar heat gain coefficient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImaging Neurosci (Camb)
September 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ, United States.
The study of individual differences in healthy controls can provide precise descriptions of individual brain activity. Following this direction, researchers have tried to identify a subject using their functional connectivity (FC) patterns computed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data of the brain. Currently, there is an emerging focus on investigating the identifiability over the temporal variability of the FC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbove-ground biomass contributes a large proportion of mangrove carbon stock; however, spatio-temporal dynamics of biomass are poorly understood in carbonate settings of the Southern Hemisphere. This influences the capacity to accurately project the effects of accelerating sea-level rise on this important carbon store. Here, above-ground biomass and productivity dynamics were quantified across mangrove age zones dominated by , spanning a tidal gradient atop a reef platform at Low Isles, Great Barrier Reef, Australia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Department of Global Health, Medicine and Welfare, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan.
After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident of March 11, 2011, the Japanese government implemented a soil decontamination program as part of disaster area recovery. This resulted in approximately 14 million cubic meters of contaminated soil being stored in an interim facility in Fukushima. Management of the soil has included radioactivity measurement, separation and screening.
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