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BaTiO has been extensively studied because of their microwave dielectrics properties. Traditionally, it is difficult to achieve this material as single-phase. Here, we report an effective method to obtain BaTiO powder with nanometer-scale crystals, by solid-state reaction at moderate temperatures and using as precursors nanostructured particles consisting of BaTiO and TiO. The main advantage is the intimate contact between the BaTiO and TiO that ensure, when the solid-state reaction takes place, the formation of complex solid compounds from three or more constituents. The formation mechanism of BaTiO has been studied as a function of both the thermal treatment and the time reaction. The reaction was monitored by Raman spectroscopy combined with Confocal microscopy, the aim of this characterization technique is to provide the description of the general strategy and design principles to obtain BaTiO powder. Consequently, this work is a challenging task for the compositional and structural study of complex inorganic nanoparticles.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b00865 | DOI Listing |
Nanomaterials (Basel)
August 2025
Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Dresden University of Technology, Bergstrasse 66, 01069 Dresden, Germany.
BaTiO (BT) is an essential material for many applications due to its dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties; nevertheless, it has been reported to possess a "critical size" in the nanoscale below which its outstanding properties are lost and the paraelectric cubic phase is stabilized at room temperature instead of the tetragonal phase. This value depends on multiple factors, mostly resulting from the synthesis route and conditions. Especially, internal stresses are known to promote the loss of tetragonality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
August 2025
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, 20 Daeharkro 53, Gumi, Gyeong-Buk 730-701, South Korea.
Ni@CaO nanocapsules for multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) inner electrodes are synthesized in situ by the DC arc plasma method under nitrogen-rich atmosphere, and their structures, ionic valence states (Ca, O, Ni), compositions, and other properties are characterized and tested. Based on the principle of oxygen potential, the aerosol growth model is introduced to explain the mechanism of synthesizing Ni@CaO nanoparticles, and it is confirmed that the composition ratio of CaO and Ni can be controlled during co-evaporation. The results show that the prepared pure nickel and all Ni@CaO nanoparticles are pure in physical phase, and the average grain sizes reach the nanometer scale with the smooth "core-shell" spherical structure, and the thickness of CaO shell is approximately 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolymers (Basel)
April 2025
Department of Chemistry and Technology of Materials, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 77 Politechnicheskaya Street, 410054 Saratov, Russia.
Polymer-matrix composites with ceramic fillers have various applications, one of which is the modification of the electric field. For this purpose, in this work, high-permittivity silicone composites with different polarization titanates were produced by mechanical mixing. The ceramic fillers chosen were CaCuTiO, KFeTiO, and BaTiO powders with high permittivity values and uniformly distributed in the polymer volume.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
December 2024
Department of Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Paris-Lodron University Salzburg, Jakob-Haringer-Straße 2a, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria.
Chemical transformations at metal oxide interfaces that are triggered by mechanical energy set the basis for applications in the fields of tribo- and mechanochemistry, ceramic and composite processing, and piezoelectric devices. We investigated the early stages of tribochemically initiated radical chemistry of structurally well-defined TiO and BaTiO nanoparticles in argon or in oxygen atmosphere. Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy enabled the determination of the chemical nature and concentration of paramagnetic surface species which form upon uniaxial powder compaction at room temperature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Mater Chem B
December 2024
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Sem Sælands vei 12, Trondheim 7034, Norway.
The advent of lead-free perovskite materials with favorable toxicity profiles has made them candidates for and environmental applications. However, their tendency to leach A-site cations raises concerns about toxicity, catalytic efficiency, and slurry properties. The present study investigates the long-term leaching kinetics of BaTiO powders over 31 days in aqueous solutions of varying pH levels.
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