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Ninety years after the discovery of pneumococcal Transformation, and 74 years after the work of Avery and colleagues that identified DNA as the genetic material, is still one of the most important model organism to understand Bacterial Genetics and Genomics. In this Chapter special emphasis has been given to Genomics and to Mobile Genetic Elements (the Mobilome) which greatly contribute to the dynamic variation of pneumococcal genomes by horizontal gene transfer. Other topics include molecular mechanisms of Genetic Transformation, Restriction/Modification Systems, Mismatch DNA Repair, and techniques for construction of genetically engineered pneumococcal strains.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/microbiolspec.GPP3-0025-2018 | DOI Listing |
Elife
September 2025
Human Biology and Primate Evolution, Institute of Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Evidence indicates that transposable elements (TEs) can contribute to the evolution of new traits, with some TEs acting as deleterious elements while others are repurposed for beneficial roles in evolution. In mammals, some KRAB-ZNF proteins can serve as a key defense mechanism to repress TEs, offering genomic protection. Notably, the family of KRAB-ZNF genes evolves rapidly and exhibits diverse expression patterns in primate brains, where some TEs, including autonomous LINE-1 and non-autonomous Alu and SVA elements, remain mobile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Cell Rep
September 2025
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology, College of Agriculture, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
Plasma membrane Gγ protein MGG4, the candidate for maize yield QTL, positively regulates seed size mainly through affecting kernel width.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunct Integr Genomics
September 2025
Department of Plastic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Keloid scarring and Metabolic Syndrome (MS) are distinct conditions marked by chronic inflammation and tissue dysregulation, suggesting shared pathogenic mechanisms. Identifying common regulatory genes could unveil novel therapeutic targets. Methods.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunct Integr Genomics
September 2025
The First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China.
Ischemic stroke (IS) has high morbidity/mortality with limited treatments. This study screened core copper homeostasis-related genes in IS and validated their function as precise intervention targets. Human IS gene chip data were retrieved from GEO, and copper homeostasis genes from multiple databases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElife
September 2025
Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States.
Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infects up to 80% of the world's population. Here, we show that HCMV infection leads to widespread changes in human chromatin accessibility and chromatin looping, with hundreds of thousands of genomic regions affected 48 hr after infection. Integrative analyses reveal HCMV-induced perturbation of Hippo signaling through drastic reduction of TEAD1 transcription factor activity.
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