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The term diaschisis refers to a neural dysfunction manifesting in anatomically intact, but functionally related, brain regions distant from a primary lesion. Here we report the diaschisis phenomenon as a consequence of a first demyelinating event in the middle and superior cerebellar peduncles in both the ipsilateral cerebellar hemisphere and in the contralateral thalamus and cerebral cortex (two-way crossed cerebellar diaschisis), resulting in the simultaneous disruption of the afferent cortico-ponto-cerebellar pathway and the efferent cerebellar-thalamo-cortical pathway. The use of 18F-FDG-PET could help clarifying in vivo the distant pathophysiological effect of focal lesions in inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.23736/S1824-4785.19.03171-6 | DOI Listing |
bioRxiv
August 2025
Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Polygenic scores (PGS) have promising clinical applications for risk stratification, disease screening, and personalized medicine. However, most PGS are trained on predominantly European ancestry cohorts and have limited portability to external populations. While cross-population PGS methods have demonstrated greater generalizability than single-ancestry PGS, they fail to properly account for individuals with recent admixture between continental ancestry groups.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
Objective: Backward walking may promote the preferential recruitment of lumbar extensors to optimize flexed spinal posture adopted LBP flexion subgroup. This cross-sectional study investigated the backward-walking exercise on a) real-time muscle activation, and b) its immediate effect on back pain intensity, movement control and lumbopelvic muscle activation in individuals with chronic non-specific LBP characterized with lumbar flexion syndrome.
Method: Thirty adults with chronic non-specific LBP with clinical manifestation of flexion syndrome received assessments of their movement control at static standing and during the five-minute forward walking test, conducted before and after a 15-minute treadmill walking training in forward or backward direction (as the immediate effect), while real-time adaptation of the lumbopelvic muscles during walking training was also evaluated.
Accid Anal Prev
September 2025
Beijing Key Laboratory of Traffic Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China.
The head-up display (HUD) warning system in a connected environment is expected to improve driving behavior and enhance pedestrian crossing safety. While existing research has preliminarily examined the effectiveness of HUD warning system in avoiding pedestrian collisions, scant attention has been given to the microcosmic influence on driving behavior and a precise quantification of its overall benefits, especially in high-risk pedestrian crossing scenarios. To investigate these influences, this study employed driving simulations to construct six connected scenarios: three warning systems (Baseline/head-down display(HDD)/HUD) × two weather conditions (clear weather/foggy weather).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAging Clin Exp Res
August 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Deyang People's Hospital, Deyang, Sichuan, China.
Background: As China undergoes a rapid demographic shift toward population aging, a critical challenge has emerged for healthy aging policy: how can intergenerational support from adult children be leveraged to maintain and improve the functional ability of older adults? Drawing on nationally representative data, this study investigates the association between such support and the intrinsic capacity of older adults, and explores the pathways through which it operates.
Methods: This study utilizes data from the 2015, 2018, and 2020 waves of the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS). A multidimensional index of intergenerational support from adult children is constructed, incorporating financial support, emotional closeness, and caregiving.
Span J Psychiatry Ment Health
August 2025
Sant Pau Mental Health Group, Institut de Recerca Sant Pau (IR SANT PAU), Sant Quintí 77-79, 08041 Barcelona, Spain; Hospital de la Sant Creu i Sant Pau, Sant Antoni Maria Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain; Universitat Autònoma
Introduction: Individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) frequently exhibit a disagreement between self-reported and objectively measured cognitive performance. Research suggests that these cognitive discrepancies may vary across disorders and are not exclusive to a specific diagnosis, potentially being influenced by clinical and sociodemographic factors. Overestimating cognitive abilities is associated with better psychosocial functioning in depression, whereas heightened sensitivity to cognitive deficits correlates with worse functioning.
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