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The tunable beam splitter (TBS) is a fundamental component used in optical experiments. A TBS can preserve the orbital angular momentum (OAM) states; in addition, the polarization states of photons are valuable for some particular experiments, such as high-dimensional quantum information processing. We use polarization beam splitters and half-wave plates to realize such a TBS under a compact structure, which can reduce the number of elements that require comparing with existing works. The experiments verify that the TBS has good performances in tunability, polarization, and OAM state preservation. A Sagnac interferometer is implemented with the proposed TBS to evaluate its practical usability, and the mean visibilities greater than 99.30% under varying polarization states demonstrate its potential for optical information processing.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OL.44.000755 | DOI Listing |
Nanophotonics
August 2025
Key Laboratory of Opto-Electronics Information Technology (Tianjin University), Ministry of Education, School of Precision Instruments and Opto-Electronics Engineering, Tianjin, 300072, China.
Vortex beams, characterized by orbital angular momentum (OAM), hold significant potential in optical communications, quantum information processing, and optical manipulation. However, existing metasurface designs are largely confined to single-degree-of-freedom control, such as static OAM generation or fixed focal points, which limiting their ability to integrate polarization multiplexing with dynamic focal tuning. To address this challenge, we propose a tunable multifunctional cascaded metasurface that synergizes polarization-sensitive phase engineering with interlayer rotational coupling, overcoming conventional device limitations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNano Lett
September 2025
Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States.
Deterministic spatial control of material properties is essential for advanced electronic and optoelectronic device technologies. van der Waals (vdW) materials stand out for their high tunability, yet achieving multifunctional on-chip control remains challenging. Here, we focus on α-MoO and site-selectively modulate both its optical emission and conductivity via electron-beam irradiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanotechnology
August 2025
Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Kentucky Stanley and Karen Pigman College of Engineering, 453 F. Paul Anderson Tower, Lexington, Kentucky, 40506-0503, UNITED STATES.
We report on a novel method for tuning and enhancing fluorescence from irradiated polystyrene through focused electron-beam exposure in gaseous environments. We describe the effect of electron dose and ambient gas on the photoluminescence (PL) spectra and yield of irradiated polystyrene films on insulating and conductive substrates. Polystyrene films were exposed in an environmental scanning electron microscope using a 20 keV electron-beam, ambient gas pressures from < 10mbar (high vacuum) to 3 mbar, and electron doses from 1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
August 2025
Institute of Acoustics, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Chiral vortex beams with tunable topological charges (TCs) hold promise for high-capacity and multi-channel information transmission. However, asymmetric vortex transport, a crucial feature for enhancing robustness and security, often disrupts channel independence by altering TCs, causing signal distortion. Here, we exploit the radial mode degree of freedom in chiral space to achieve extremely asymmetric transmission with high energy contrast, while preserving chirality and TCs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicromachines (Basel)
August 2025
College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
This study presents a simulation-based feasibility analysis of a beam steering metasurface, theoretically driven by mechanical energy harvested from human motion via a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG). In the proposed model, the TENG converts biomechanical motion into alternating current (AC), which is rectified into direct current (DC) to bias varactor diodes integrated into each metasurface unit cell. These bias voltages are numerically applied to dynamically modulate the local reflection phase, enabling beam steering without external power.
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