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Crocin facilitates peripheral nerve regeneration through modulation of the STAT3/Bcl-2/Beclin-1 signaling axis-mediated autophagic pathway.
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Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is notoriously difficult to repair due to impaired axonal regeneration and dysregulated inflammatory microenvironments. This study demonstrates that crocin facilitates peripheral nerve regeneration by modulating the STAT3/Bcl-2/Beclin-1 signaling axis, enhancing autophagy while suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis. In a rat model of sciatic nerve crush injury, crocin treatment improved axonal regrowth and ultrastructural remyelination, as evidenced by upregulated expression of β3-Tubulin, neurofilament-200 (NF200), and myelin basic protein (MBP), alongside significantly elevated sciatic functional index (SFI) scores, reduced muscle atrophy, and diminished collagen deposition.
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