Cerebral Microbleeds Could Be Independently Associated with Intracranial Aneurysm Rupture: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study.

Objective: To determine whether the presence of cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) is independently associated with intracranial aneurysm rupture and to identify the time interval of CMB-related intracranial aneurysm rupture.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1847 patients with unruptured and ruptured intracranial aneurysms from January 2010 to November 2017. Clinical records and imaging, including T2-weighted gradient-recalled echo sequence magnetic resonance imaging that identified the presence of CMBs preoperatively, were evaluated. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were done to determine which parameters were independent factors for aneurysm rupture. The time interval of CMB-related intracranial aneurysm rupture was also evaluated.

Results: CMBs confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging were present in 142 patients (142/1847; 7.7%). Of 142 patients with CMBs, 56 patients (including 17 ruptured aneurysms) who received endovascular treatment and another 86 consecutive patients who did not receive embolization or surgery for various reasons were followed for 3-49 months. The incidence of CMB-related intracranial aneurysm rupture was 27.9% (24/86) during the follow-up period. The time interval of CMB-related intracranial aneurysm rupture was 3-27 months (median 9.5 months). Multivariate analyses showed CMBs were significantly correlated with intracranial aneurysm rupture (odds ratio = 1.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.1-2.4; P = 0.010).

Conclusions: CMBs were independently associated with intracranial aneurysm rupture. Patients with CMBs have a 60% increased risk of aneurysm rupture compared with patients without CMBs.