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This study investigates the congener-specific concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs), polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PBDD/Fs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in 25 breast milk samples from southern Taiwan. Most investigated congeners in Taiwanese breast milk are detectable except for PBDD/Fs. The geometric means of PCDD/Fs and PBDEs in the breast milk are 2.44 pg WHO-TEQ/g lipid and 2810 pg/g lipid. Several PCDD/F and PBDE congeners were highly correlated to each other like 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDD and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF (r = 0.919, p < 0.001). The longest duration of menstruation could be predicted by BDE-153 (β = 0.252) and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF (β = 0.345) with adjustment of confounders using a multiple stepwise linear regression model (r = 0.963, p < 0.001).
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00128-018-2278-8 | DOI Listing |
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol
September 2025
Lincoln University, Lincoln, New Zealand.
The red seaweeds, Asparagopsis taxiformis and A. armata inhibit methane production in ruminants, considered to be mediated by bromoform. This review examines the toxicology, metabolism, epidemiology and pharmacology of bromoform.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
September 2025
Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Breastfeeding is essential for reducing infant morbidity and mortality, yet exclusive breastfeeding rates remain low, often because of insufficient milk production. The molecular causes of low milk production are not well understood. Fresh milk samples from 30 lactating individuals, classified by milk production levels across postpartum stages, were analyzed using genomic and microbiome techniques.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Womens Dermatol
October 2025
Department of Dermatology, Palo Alto Foundation Medical Group, Mountain View, California.
Objective: To assess the safety of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi) during pregnancy, specifically in relation to infant infection rates, vaccine efficacy, and vaccine-associated adverse events in infants exposed to TNFi in utero and through breast milk.
Data Sources: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar. The review included retrospective studies, prospective studies, and systematic reviews published until June 2024, focusing on TNFi exposure during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Food Funct
September 2025
Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Sheep milk has gained increasing attention for its compositional similarity to human milk and its abundance of bioactive compounds with nutritional and therapeutic potential. It is rich in proteins, essential fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, immunoglobulins, and hormones, as well as peptides and oligosaccharides with antiviral, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulatory effects. Despite these benefits, the literature remains fragmented, with limited integration of data on the mechanisms by which these components influence health outcomes, and few comprehensive comparisons with other mammalian milks.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNucleic Acids Res
September 2025
Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, United Kingdom.
The mammary gland, which primarily develops postnatally, undergoes significant changes during pregnancy and lactation to facilitate milk production. Through the generation and analysis of 480 transcriptomes, we provide the most detailed allelic expression map of the mammary gland, cataloguing cell-type-specific expression from ex-vivo purified cell populations over 10 developmental stages, enabling comparative analysis. The work identifies genes involved in the mammary gland cycle, parental-origin-specific and genetic background-specific expression at cellular and temporal resolution, genes associated with human lactation disorders and breast cancer.
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