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We demonstrate a novel single-shot distributed Brillouin optical time domain analyzer (SS-BOTDA). In our method, dual-polarization probe with orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation is used to acquire the distributed Brillouin gain spectra, and coherent detection is used to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) drastically. Distributed temperature sensing is demonstrated over a 1.08 km standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) with 20.48 m spatial resolution and 0.59 °C temperature accuracy. Neither frequency scanning, nor polarization scrambling, nor averaging is required in our scheme. All the data are obtained through only one-shot measurement, indicating that the sensing speed is only limited by the length of fiber.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.015188 | DOI Listing |
Acta Biomater
August 2025
Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA; Department of Orthopaedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address:
Tendon mechanical properties are critical for proper musculoskeletal movement. Yet, current understanding of how tendons develop their mechanical properties remains incomplete. Atomic force microscopy and tensile testing are used to characterize early-stage and late-stage embryonic tendon mechanical properties respectively, but both require contact with the tissue, which can alter or destroy tissue structure or integrity and render the tissue unsuitable for subsequent assays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrillouin optical time domain analyzer (BOTDA) is a distributed fiber optic sensor in which noise in the Brillouin gain spectra (BGS) significantly affects sensing range, spatial resolution, and Brillouin frequency shift (BFS) extraction accuracy. To maximize the utility of collected BGS and enhance BOTDA performance, we propose Brillouin Adaptive Self-supervised dEnoising (BASE), which we believe to be a novel denoising method based on self-supervised learning. BASE can directly utilize collected BGS data, generating sufficient training samples even from a limited number of noisy BGS images, to enable robust and efficient denoising.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOpt Express
February 2025
Systematic errors due to the energy transfer between the pump and probe waves in distributed Brillouin sensors have been widely studied in conventional schemes based on a pulsed pump wave. These studies led to the formulation of guidelines and/or novel schemes, allowing strict control of these errors. In this paper, we analyze numerically and experimentally the influence of non-local effects in Brillouin optical frequency-domain analysis sensors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLong-distance oil and gas pipelines require high-precision safety monitoring systems to prevent failures caused by environmental changes and operational strains. Although Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) systems are widely used for distributed sensing, existing algorithms face challenges in handling multi-peak Brillouin gain spectra (BGS) and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) requirements. This paper proposes a hybrid intelligent algorithm (GA-ANN-LSSVM) combining a genetic algorithm-optimized artificial neural network (GA-ANN) and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) to improve BOTDA performance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLight Sci Appl
August 2025
College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, 410073, China.
High-power single-frequency fiber lasers with diffraction-limited spots are indispensable for a wide range of photonic applications and are particularly in advanced detection and sensing technologies. However, the simultaneous achievement of kilowatt-level output power and diffraction-limited beam quality has remained elusive in all reported single-frequency fiber laser systems to date, primarily due to limitations imposed by the stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) effect and transverse mode instability (TMI) effect. In this study, we demonstrate the design and manufacturing of an ultra-low numerical aperture (NA) functional Yb-doped fiber featuring a bat-type refractive index distribution, specifically engineered for single-frequency laser amplification.
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