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Recombinant vaccinia viruses (rVACVs) are promising antigen-delivery systems for vaccine development that are also useful as research tools. Two common methods for selection during construction of rVACV clones are (i) co-insertion of drug resistance or reporter protein genes, which requires the use of additional selection drugs or detection methods, and (ii) dominant host-range selection. The latter uses VACV variants rendered replication-incompetent in host cell lines by the deletion of host-range genes. Replicative ability is restored by co-insertion of the host-range genes, providing for dominant selection of the recombinant viruses. Here, we describe a new method for the construction of rVACVs using the cowpox CP77 protein and unmodified VACV as the starting material. Our selection system will expand the range of tools available for positive selection of rVACV during vector construction, and it is substantially more high-fidelity than approaches based on selection for drug resistance.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/000114537 | DOI Listing |
PLoS Pathog
September 2025
Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, United States of America.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) exhibits a narrow species tropism, causing robust infections only in humans and experimentally inoculated chimpanzees. While many host factors and restriction factors are known, many more likely remain unknown, which has limited the development of mouse or other small animal models for HCV. One putative restriction factor, the black flying fox orthologue of receptor transporter protein 4 (RTP4), was previously shown to potently inhibit viral genome replication of several ER-replicating RNA viruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFmBio
September 2025
Department of Molecular Biosciences, Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, USA.
bacteria exhibit a range of relationships with aphids. They may be co-obligate mutualists, commensals, or even pathogens depending on the strain, aphid host species, and environment. CWBI-2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Econ Entomol
September 2025
Guangxi Key Laboratory for Agro-Environment and Agric-Product Safety, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China.
Sublethal concentrations of insecticides are commonly encountered in agricultural environments, particularly by pests such as the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), which primarily infests host plants during the larval stage. Sublethal concentrations of insecticides can elicit a wide range of effects; therefore, it is important to consider the impact of thiamethoxam, a registered control insecticide for B. dorsalis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlant Dis
September 2025
USDA-ARS Foreign Disease-Weed Science Research Unit, 1301 Ditto Ave., Fort Detrick, Maryland, United States, 21702;
Black swallow-wort () is an aggressive invasive vine infesting pastures and fields in the northeastern United States. An unknown fungal pathogen was recovered from foliar lesions occurring on black swallow-wort at two locations in Rhode Island in 2022 and was identified as based on morphological and molecular descriptions of eight isolates. The potential weed biological control value of a single isolate, FDWSRU 22-216, was evaluated through colonized agar block and conidial spray inoculations of black swallow-wort.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNatl Sci Rev
August 2025
Oulu Mining School, University of Oulu, Oulu 90014, Finland.
Determining the composition, formation mechanisms and stability of the Hadean continental crust is essential for understanding the early geological history of Earth. Detrital zircons, largely from Jack Hills of Western Australia, provide the dominant direct records for the nature of continental crust during the Hadean eon and its formation processes. Although isotope and trace element compositions of these zircons are extensively determined, the major and trace element compositions of their host rocks and corresponding parental magmas remain largely debated, making the nature and evolution of the early Earth's crust ambiguous.
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