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Transforming tigogenin, a steroidal sapogenin, to a 24(23→22)-abeo-cholestane, which is an unusual structural feature shared by the aglycons of saundersiosides and candicanoside A, is described. The spiroketal of tigogenin was unfolded and the resulting C22-ketone was subjected to Favorskii rearrangement mediated by PhI(OAc)/KOH/MeOH to squeeze out the C22 from the side chain, thus reaching the 24(23→22)-abeo-cholestane structure.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.6b03043 | DOI Listing |
Nat Prod Rep
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Functional Biomolecules, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Covering: up to April 2025Bacterial aromatic polyketides represent a notable class of natural products that have found extensive applications in clinical treatments. In their biosynthesis, oxidative rearrangements represent critical transformations that typically afford diverse scaffolds, structural rigidity, and biological activities. In this context, it is evident that redox enzymes are frequently implicated in various rearrangement processes, whereby they facilitate the transformation of pathway precursors into mature natural products.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Biomol Chem
April 2025
Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, USA.
Single-atom editing has emerged as a transformative strategy in organic synthesis, enabling precise modification of carbocyclic and heterocyclic frameworks by selectively targeting single atoms. These frameworks are crucial backbones of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and advanced materials, making this approach powerful for organic chemists. In drug discovery and natural product synthesis, single-atom editing diversifies molecular scaffolds and tailors molecular properties to enhance pharmacological activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Biomol Chem
March 2025
Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China.
A selective temperature and steric hindrance-regulated method for nucleophilic substitution or Favorskii rearrangement reactions of 2-aryl-2-bromo-cycloketones with aliphatic amines has been developed to prepare ketamine derivatives and 2-aryl-cycloketone-1-carboxamides. In the presence of secondary amines or -substituted 2-aryl-2-bromocycloketones, steric hindrance directs the Favorskii rearrangement to occur. Conversely, with primary amines, the product ratio of nucleophilic substitution to Favorskii rearrangement is temperature-dependent, with higher temperatures favoring the Favorskii rearrangement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrg Lett
December 2024
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Bioactive Natural Product Research and State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China.
J Am Chem Soc
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
A mechanistic investigation into the novel combination of the -halogen effect with enantioselective aminocatalysis unravels the mechanistic intricacies of [6 + 4] and [10 + 6] higher-order cycloadditions and the succeeding new Favorskii-like rearrangements. By introducing the OTf-group into the tropone framework, it can serve both as an activator for the cycloaddition and as a proficient leaving group within the corresponding cycloadduct, thus enabling unprecedented ring-contracting Favorskii-like rearrangements. Integrating the -OTf group creates an electron-deficient 6π-component leveraging the -halogen effect by enhancing the polarization and introducing new strategic interaction points.
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