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Monoamine transporters regulate the concentration of monoamine neurotransmitters, which are essential for vital physiological processes, and their dysfunction can cause several central nervous system diseases. Monoamine transporters currently appear to be the potential target in the management of these disorders. In this study, homologation and bioisosterism techniques have been used in the designing of new 1,4-disubstituted piperazines and piperidines. These derivatives were synthesized and evaluated as potential triple reuptake inhibitors for studying the structure-activity relationships. The most advanced compound, 1-(4-(5-benzhydryl-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)butyl)-4-(3-phenylpropyl)piperazine (2i), was able to inhibit monoamine neurotransmitter reuptake in an in vitro test (IC=158.7nM for 5-HT, 99nM for NE and 97.5nM for DA). These novel potent triple reuptake inhibitor-based 1,4-disubstituted piperazine and piperidine scaffolds deserve further systematic optimization and pharmacological evaluation.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2017.02.051 | DOI Listing |
JAMA Psychiatry
September 2025
Denovo Biopharma LLC, San Diego, California.
Importance: This study represents a first successful use of a genetic biomarker to select potential responders in a prospective study in psychiatry. Liafensine, a triple reuptake inhibitor, may become a new precision medicine for treatment-resistant depression (TRD), a major unmet medical need.
Objective: To determine whether ANK3-positive patients with TRD benefit from a 1-mg and/or 2-mg daily oral dose of liafensine, compared with placebo, in a clinical trial.
Curr Issues Mol Biol
July 2025
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China.
Depression in cancer survivors is commonly treated with serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), such as venlafaxine. These drugs alleviate depressive symptoms by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine. However, a novel approach has emerged with the development of -2-phenylcyclopropylamine (PCPA)-drug conjugates that inhibit lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), which is a biomarker and molecular target for cancer therapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPsychopharmacology (Berl)
August 2025
Ionis Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 2855 Gazelle Court, Carlsbad, CA, 92010, USA.
Rationale: Monoamine triple reuptake inhibitors (TRIs) inhibit central dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin transporters, restoring functional monoamine neurotransmission.
Objectives: This clinical trial evaluated the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers after single-ascending-doses (SAD) of the novel monoamine TRI CSTI-500. In addition, we estimated the peak and duration of striatal serotonin transporter (SERT) and dopamine transporter (DAT) occupancies, by using positron emission tomography (PET).
Eur J Pharm Sci
September 2025
Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića, 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozar Markovic 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
Background: Cancer remains the second leading cause of mortality worldwide, underscoring the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies. Drug repurposing is an effective strategy to address current cancer challenges, such as the resistance and toxicity associated with traditional chemotherapy. Among the various psychotropic drugs, antidepressants are emerging as promising candidates due to their demonstrated anticancer activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDepress Anxiety
May 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Toludesvenlafaxine hydrochloride sustained-release tablets, as China's first independently developed chemical Class 1 innovative drug with independent intellectual property rights for the treatment of depression and a new molecular entity, represent a novel triple reuptake inhibitor (TRI) with specific target selectivity for serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (DA). This single-arm, multicenter clinical study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of toludesvenlafaxine in alleviating anhedonia symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). A total of 123 patients aged 18-65 years were enrolled between April 2023 and April 2024 and received an 8-week treatment with toludesvenlafaxine sustained-release tablets (80-160 mg/day).
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