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Combining functionalization at a distant position from a reactive site with the creation of several consecutive stereogenic centres, including the formation of a quaternary carbon stereocentre, in acyclic system represents a pinnacle in organic synthesis. Here we report the regioselective Heck arylation of terminal olefins as a distant trigger for the ring-opening of cyclopropanes. This Pd-catalysed unfolding of the strained cycle, driving force of the chain-walking process, remarkably proved its efficiency and versatility, as the reaction proceeded regardless of the molecular distance between the initiation (double bond) and termination (alcohol) sites. Moreover, employing stereodefined polysubstituted cyclopropane vaults allowed to access sophisticated stereoenriched acyclic scaffolds in good yields. Conceptually, we demonstrated that merging catalytically a chain walking process with a selective C-C bond cleavage represents a powerful approach to construct linear skeleton possessing two stereogenic centres.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14200 | DOI Listing |
ACS Catal
May 2025
University of Texas at Austin, Department of Chemistry Welch Hall (A5300), 105 E 24th St., Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Catalytic methods for the intermolecular formate-mediated C-C coupling of Csp-X pronucleophiles beyond reductive Heck reactions (alkene hydroarylations) are catalogued. These methods include transfer hydrogenative reductive couplings of aryl/vinyl halides or triflates to carbonyl compounds (Grignard/NHK-type reactions), as well as reductive cross-couplings of two aryl/vinyl halide or triflate partners. These studies demonstrate that reactions traditionally associated with discrete Csp carbanions can be rendered catalytic and free from premetalated reagents or metallic reductants using sodium or potassium formate - abundant, low molecular weight sources of hydrogen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSC Adv
August 2025
Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University Seoul 02447 Republic of Korea
We report an efficient synthetic approach to 2-arylindoles from indolines a one-step process involving Pd-catalyzed oxidative dehydrogenation and a sequential C2-regioselective Heck-type reaction. The mild reaction conditions, which utilize O as the sole oxidant, show a broad substrate scope and good functional group compatibility.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
July 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The City College of New York, 160 Convent Avenue, New York, New York, 10031, USA.
Palladium-catalyzed aryl amination and Heck arylation reactions are complementary transformations, generally requiring a suitable catalyst combination and a base. With substrates containing both an amino group and a vinyl moiety, control of C─N versus C─C reactivity can lead to regiodivergent functionalizations. With this focus, reactions of silyl-protected 8-vinyl 2'-deoxyadenosine and adenosine with aryl bromides and iodides have been studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemistry
July 2025
School of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.
The initial reaction steps in the formation of Heck-type arylated alkenes catalyzed by P^N chelated Au(III) complexes have been studied computationally. Two mechanistic alternatives have been explored: (1) alkene coordination and insertion into a gold-carbon bond, and (2) nucleophilic attack on a gold(III) alkene adduct. The common starting point, the [(P^N)AuPh(alkene)] dication (alkene = CH, HC═CHEt, or HC═CEt), shows unequal bonding to the olefinic carbons of the 1-alkenes (P^N = 1,2-CHNMe(PR); R = H, Me, 1-adamantyl).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
May 2025
Department of Chemistry, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
The researchers have actively developed sustainable catalysis processes, placing a strong emphasis on heterogeneous catalysts to reduce the use of toxic solvents and reagents, as well as to mitigate hazardous reactions and streamline time-consuming separations, over the past two decades. Preserving active sites has become a critical focus area during this period. This study centered on synthesizing and evaluating FeO@SiO-SD@Pd, assessing its efficacy and reusability.
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