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http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/0004-2749.20160060 | DOI Listing |
NPJ Microgravity
August 2025
Inha Research Institute for Aerospace Medicine, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
Spaceflight-associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS) poses a significant risk to astronaut vision during long-duration missions, yet its immunological underpinnings remain poorly defined. Here, we identify retinal microglia as key mediators of ocular degeneration under simulated microgravity (SMG). Using a 3D clinostat model, we show that SMG induces early activation of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), which in turn promotes microglial activation and triggers a feedforward cascade of RPE damage and neuronal loss.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuant Imaging Med Surg
July 2025
School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China.
Background: The microgravity-induced cephalad fluid shift is thought to contribute to neuro-ophthalmological changes such as optic disc edema, globe flattening, and hyperopic shift. However, the effects of prolonged simulated microgravity on ophthalmic alterations and their potential relationship with functional reorganization in the visual cortex remain unclear. This study aimed to address these knowledge gaps.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAerosp Med Hum Perform
June 2025
Introduction: Novel ocular findings have been identified in spaceflight. We discuss their potential association with Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome (SANS) and integrate them in a framework that may help explain the pathophysiology.
Methods: We reviewed literature using the Medline/PubMed database starting in October 2020.
Life (Basel)
April 2025
NASA Ophthalmology Consultant, Moab, UT 84532, USA.
Human space exploration presents an unparalleled opportunity to study life in extreme environments-but it also exposes astronauts to physiological stressors that jeopardize key systems like vision. Corneal health, essential for maintaining precise visual acuity, is threatened by microgravity-induced fluid shifts, cosmic radiation, and the confined nature of spacecraft living environments. These conditions elevate the risk of corneal abrasions, infections, and structural damage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLife Sci Space Res (Amst)
May 2025
The Ninth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100101, China. Electronic address:
Objective: This study aims to investigate the expression and possible role of autophagy in the retina of rats under microgravity.
Methods: Adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly allocated to either the tail suspension group (TS) or the control group (CTRL). To simulate microgravity-induced redistribution of cephalad fluid observed in space, the rats in the TS group underwent tail suspension for a duration of 4 weeks.