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Background: Lung cancer results in the highest number of cancer deaths worldwide. The segmentation of lung nodules is an important task in computer systems to help physicians differentiate malignant lesions from benign lesions. However, it has already been observed that this may be a difficult task, especially when nodules are connected to an anatomical structure.
Methods: This paper proposes a method to estimate the background of the nodule area and how this estimation is used to facilitate the segmentation task.
Results: Our experiments indicate more than 99% of accuracy with less than 1% of false positive rate (FPR).
Conclusions: The proposed methods achieved better results than a state-of-the-art approach, indicating potential to be used in medical image processing systems.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4775242 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2016.02.06 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
August 2025
Acute Medicine, Southend University Hospital, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Southend-on-Sea, GBR.
Adenocarcinoma of the lung is the most common type of lung cancer and is classified as one of the non-small cell lung cancers. It typically arises in the peripheral regions of the lungs, affecting the dense glandular tissues. Most patients diagnosed with pulmonary adenocarcinoma are current or former smokers and present with nonspecific respiratory symptoms such as a persistent cough and shortness of breath.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Department of Radiology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan, Kunming, China.
Purpose: Bronchiolar adenoma (BA) is a rare benign pulmonary neoplasm originating from the bronchial mucosal epithelium and mimics lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) both radiographically and microscopically. This study aimed to develop a nomogram for distinguishing BA from LAC by integrating clinical characteristics and artificial intelligence (AI)-derived histogram parameters across two medical centers.
Methods: This retrospective study included 215 patients with diagnoses confirmed by postoperative pathology from two medical centers.
Radiol Med
September 2025
Breast Imaging Division, Radiology Department, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, 20141, Milan, Italy.
Metastatic involvement (MB) of the breast from extramammary malignancies is rare, with an incidence of 0.09-1.3% of all breast malignancies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMalignant phyllodes tumors of the breast are rare fibroepithelial neoplasms with aggressive behavior and high recurrence rates. They pose significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to their overlap with other malignancies, necessitating accurate diagnosis and a tailored treatment approach to improve patient outcomes. A 29-year-old Asian female initially underwent a lumpectomy for a right breast mass diagnosed as a phyllodes tumor on histopathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
August 2025
Pulmonology, Unidade Local de Saúde (ULS) da Guarda, Guarda, PRT.
Pulmonary atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) is a recognized precursor lesion to pulmonary adenocarcinoma (ADC). We present the case of a 79-year-old ex-smoker in whom transthoracic needle biopsy revealed histological features suggestive of lung ADC. However, surgical resection of the lesion later demonstrated only AAH.
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