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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2015.12.1325 | DOI Listing |
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Cytotoxic CX3CR1+ Vδ1 T cells clonally expand in an interplay of CMV, microbiota, and HIV-1 persistence in people on antiretroviral therapy.
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Vδ1 γδ T cells are key players in innate and adaptive immunity, particularly at mucosal interfaces such as the gut. An increase in circulating Vδ1 cells has long been observed in people with HIV-1, but remains poorly understood. We performed a comprehensive characterization of Vδ1 T cells in blood and duodenal intra-epithelial lymphocytes, obtained from endoscopic mucosal biopsies of 15 people with HIV-1 on antiretroviral therapy and 15 HIV-seronegative controls, in a substudy of the ANRS EP61 GALT study (NCT02906137).
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Objectives: Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a heterogeneous autoimmune condition needing targeted treatment approaches and improved understanding of molecular mechanisms driving clinical phenotypes. We utilised exploratory proteomics from a longitudinal North American cohort of patients with new-onset JDM to identify biological pathways at disease onset and follow-up, tissue-specific disease activity, and myositis-specific autoantibody (MSA) status.
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The primitive innate immune cells (termed haemocytes) initially evolved in molluscs, which are analogous to vertebrate leukocytes, displaying significant morphological and functional heterogeneity. Elucidating the diversity morphology and functions of haemocytes is crucial to understanding the ancient immune system. In the present study, six novel haemocyte subtypes, including pro-haemocytes, larger agranulocytes, secretory haemocytes, amoeba phagocytes, macrophages and dendritic (DC)-like haemocytes were identified by their specific morphological and functional characteristics in oyster circulating haemolymph.
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High myopia is a global health concern, often leading to degenerative retinal changes known as myopic retinopathy. Although mechanical stress, hypoperfusion, extracellular matrix remodeling, and growth factor dysregulation have been implicated in the pathogenesis of myopic retinopathy, emerging evidence highlights the critical role of chronic low-grade inflammation. Both innate and adaptive immune systems participate in myopic retinopathy through systemic and local inflammation.
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Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigaçao Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208 Porto, Portugal.
Viral outbreaks have caused significant mortality and economic losses in aquaculture, highlighting the urgent need for effective therapies and a deeper understanding of antiviral and immune mechanisms in key species. This study investigates the constitutive and virus-induced antiviral responses in juvenile rainbow trout () following infection with viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV). Trout (30 g) were infected by immersion with VHSV (TCID = 10 mL) for two hours.
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