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Effect of knee joint position on soleus muscle function during isokinetic plantarflexion.
Physiol Int
September 2025
2Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, No. 818 Fenghua Road, Jiangbei District, 315211, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
Purpose: Contribution of the gastrocnemii muscles to ankle moment is influenced by the knee joint position because they span the knee and the ankle joint as well. However, limited information is available on the effect of knee joint position on soleus activation under dynamic plantarflexion, hence the aim of this study was to investigate if soleus have a compensatory strategy in fascicle behavior or EMG activity during knee flexed plantarflexion in order to reduce the magnitude of the decrement in ankle moment.
Equipment And Methods: Isokinetic dynamometry with EMG and ultrasound measurements was used to estimate medial gastrocnemius and soleus behavior during knee flexed and extended plantarflexions using three angular velocities.
Testing the Efficacy of a Web-Based Intervention for Loss and Bereavement in Later Life (AgE-health Study): Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial.
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Social learning, a hallmark of human behavior, entails integrating other's actions or ideas with one's own. While it can accelerate the learning process by circumventing slow and costly individual trial-and-error learning, its effectiveness depends on knowing when and whose information to use. In this study, we explored how individuals use social information based on their own and others' levels of uncertainty.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInterventions to bolster benefits take-up: Assessing intensity, framing, and targeting of government outreach.
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Behaviorally informed "nudges" are widely used in government outreach but are often seen as too modest to address poverty at scale. In four field experiments over 2 y ( = 542,804 low-income households), we test whether more proactive communication, varying message framing, and more precise targeting can boost take-up of tax-based benefits in California above and beyond traditional light-touch approaches. Our interventions focused on extremely vulnerable households, most with no prior-year earnings, who were at risk of missing out on two crucial benefits: the 2021 expanded Child Tax Credit and pandemic-relief Economic Impact Payments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRepresenting subpopulations with latent profile analysis: a non-technical introduction using exercisers' goal orientation adoption profiles.
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Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, La Crosse, WI, USA.
Latent profile analysis (LPA) is in the finite mixture model analysis family and identifies subgroups by participants' responses to continuous variables (i.e., indicators); participants' probable membership in each subgroup is based on the similarity between the subgroup's prototypical responses and the person's unique responses.
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