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In 1997, Mexico transformed its pay-as-you-go social security system to a fully funded system with personal retirement accounts, including management fees. This article examines changes in retirement wealth resulting from this new system. It shows that management fees have drained a significant proportion of individuals' retirement wealth and have increased the number of persons claiming a government-subsidized minimum pension, particularly from the time the system was introduced in 1997 until adjustment to management fees in 2008. Since 2008, retirement wealth accumulation has been similar to that of the previous system. En 1997, México transformó su sistema de pensiones basado en cotizaciones individuales a uno de ahorro para el retiro que incluyen cuotas por la administración de las cuentas. El presente estudio examina los cambios en el monto de las pensiones como resultado de la introducción del nuevo sistema. Los resultados muestran que las cuotas de administración han drenado una proporción significativa del ahorro para el retiro de los individuos por lo que ha aumentado el número de personas que solicita la pensión mínima garantizada subsidiada por el gobierno desde que se introdujo el sistema en 1997 hasta que se hicieron ajustes en las cuotas de administración de los fondos de pensiones en 2008. A partir de 2008, la acumulación del ahorro para el retiro ha sido similar que la del sistema anterior.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lamp.12051 | DOI Listing |
Vet Res Commun
September 2025
College of Veterinary Medicine, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, 100000, Hanoi, Vietnam.
African swine fever (ASF) is a contagious viral disease that affects domestic pigs and Eurasian wild boars, causing significant economic losses to the global pig industry. Since its first outbreak in February 2019, ASF has had a profound impact on the Vietnamese pig sector. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of ASF outbreaks in Vietnam from 2019 to 2024, focusing on outbreak dynamics, control strategies, economic impact, and key lessons learned.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetologia
September 2025
Department of Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
This review article, developed by the EASD Global Council, addresses the growing global challenges in diabetes research and care, highlighting the rising prevalence of diabetes, the increasing complexity of its management and the need for a coordinated international response. With regard to research, disparities in funding and infrastructure between high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are discussed. The under-representation of LMIC populations in clinical trials, challenges in conducting large-scale research projects, and the ethical and legal complexities of artificial intelligence integration are also considered as specific issues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfection
September 2025
The Department of Cardiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Inge Lehmanns Vej 7, 16th floor, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark.
Purpose: Infective endocarditis (IE) has been associated with severe outcomes when complicated by diabetes mellitus (DM). We aimed to report characteristics, microbial etiology, and mortality for patients with IE stratified by DM from a nationwide cohort.
Methods: We used Danish registries, and patients with first-time IE (2010-2020) were stratified by DM.
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg
September 2025
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Aybars Kıvrak Orthopedics Clinic, Adana, Turkey.
Purpose: This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness of two widely used intramedullary fixation systems-the Proximal Femoral Nail Antirotation (PFNA) and the Proximal Femoral Nail with Talon Locking System (PFN-TLS)-in the treatment of intertrochanteric femur fractures (ITFF).
Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 118 patients aged 65-90 years who underwent surgical treatment for ITFF using either PFNA (n = 53) or PFN-TLS (n = 65). All patients were followed for a minimum of 24 months.
J Dermatolog Treat
December 2025
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of online consultation services in a Swiss dermatological clinic as a tool for triage, focusing on time savings, patient satisfaction, and cost-effectiveness.
Methods: Over a period of 30 months, data were generated from a publicly available store-and-forward teledermatological platform (www.derma2go.