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We revisit the SM2 protocol, which is widely used in Chinese commercial applications and by Chinese government agencies. Although it is by now standard practice for protocol designers to provide security proofs in widely accepted security models in order to assure protocol implementers of their security properties, the SM2 protocol does not have a proof of security. In this paper, we prove the security of the SM2 protocol in the widely accepted indistinguishability-based Bellare-Rogaway model under the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem (ECDLP) assumption. We also present a simplified and more efficient version of the SM2 protocol with an accompanying security proof.
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http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4167658 | PMC |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/825984 | DOI Listing |
Methods Mol Biol
August 2025
Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
Scramblases are membrane proteins that translocate phospholipids bidirectionally between the leaflets of a membrane bilayer. Examples of scramblases include Class A G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), members of the TMEM16 and DedA protein families, and protein insertases. To measure scramblase activity, the protein of interest is purified and reconstituted into large unilamellar vesicles that contain trace amounts of a fluorescent phospholipid reporter.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDoc Ophthalmol
August 2025
Centre for Eye Research Australia, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, East Melbourne, VIC, 3002, Australia.
Purpose: The Celeris system (Diagnosys LLC) offers a streamlined alternative to the gold-standard Espion system for high-throughput electroretinography (ERG) and visual evoked potentials (VEP) in preclinical studies. This study evaluated its inter-session repeatability of ERG and VEP measurements in healthy rodent retinae.
Methods: Twenty-five wild type Brown Norway rats underwent ERG and VEP testing across two sessions.
Doc Ophthalmol
July 2025
Center for Ophthalmology, University Eye Hospital, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Purpose: To establish a clinically applicable dark-adapted 15 Hz flicker electroretinogram (ERG) for sensitive detection of functional changes in the fast and the slow retinal rod pathways.
Methods: The study consisted of two parts. In the first part, the paradigm of the previously demonstrated "null-effect" of stimulus luminance on ERG-amplitudes for 15 Hz flicker stimuli with duration of 2.
Sci Rep
July 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the non-mydriatic mode of the HE-2000 electroretinogram (ERG) by comparing photopic ERGs of non-mydriatic versus dilated eyes. This retrospective study included patients with grade 2 cataracts between January and July 2022. Photopic ERGs were recorded using the HE-2000 system in mydriatic eyes with a 3 cd·s/m flashing stimulus and in non-mydriatic eyes using the non-mydriatic mode with a 10 cd·s/m stimulus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Radiol
August 2025
MRI Unit, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, SM2 5PT, United Kingdom.
Objectives: Clinical translation of advanced MRI techniques can be hindered by the challenges of performing standardized multicentre imaging trials. This work aims to develop and demonstrate an automated tool for monitoring imaging protocol deviations, enabling corrective action to be taken.
Methods: A Python-based tool, integrated into the imaging repository XNAT, was developed to compare DICOM series with an agreed imaging protocol, highlighting missing series and parameter deviations.