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Microbial granules were successfully developed in a pilot-scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for the treatment of real municipal wastewater. The aerobic granules developed had good settleability with a settling velocity of > 21 mh-1. The mature granular sludge was capable of simultaneous removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). With the cycle of 3 h, the effluent COD, ammonium nitrogen (NH+4 -N) and total nitrogen (TN) concentrations were <50 mg L-1, <5. 0 mg L-1, and <15 mgL-1, respectively. The removal efficiency for TN and total phosphorus (TP) was about 50%. Examinations by confocallaser scanning microscopy (CLSM) showed that extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) were uniformly distributed throughout the granules, forming the granule structure matrix. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated the presence of SiO2 and other metal oxides inside aerobic granules, implying that minerals in real wastewater might function as the seed in the initial stage of aerobic granulation.
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N Z Vet J
September 2025
Diagnostics, Readiness and Surveillance, Biosecurity New Zealand, Ministry for Primary Industries, Wellington, New Zealand.
Case History: In 2023, 160/245 (65%) 2-year-old KiwiCross dairy heifers from a seasonally calving Otago herd developed severe granular vulvovaginitis after calving.
Clinical Findings: Affected heifers presented 3-12 days post-calving with tail elevation, vaginal discharge and, in most cases, vulval swelling. Heifers were afebrile although some were inappetent.
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao
August 2025
School of Sports Medicine, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan 430079, China.
Objectives: To investigate the effects of formulated granules of (TGY) on motor deficits in a mouse model of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced subacute Parkinson's disease (PD) and explore the possible molecular mechanisms.
Methods: Ninety C57BL/6 mice were randomized equally into 6 groups, including a control group, a PD model group, a NEC-1 (6.5 mg/kg) treatment group, two TGY treatment groups at 5 and 2.
Environ Res
August 2025
National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environment Recovery Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China. Electronic address:
In situ cultivation and long-term stabilization of continuous-flow aerobic granular sludge (AGS) pose significant challenges for the sustainable advancement of wastewater technology. Herein, we demonstrated the successful 330-day operation of a novel continuous-flow self-circulating AcOA-Zier reactor. Aeration-driven liquid recirculation achieved recirculation-to-influent (R/I) ratios of 26-70, optimizing dissolved oxygen gradients and enabling exceptional contaminant removal of 96 % for chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 95 % for total inorganic nitrogen (TIN).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
August 2025
Center for Water Research, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, 519087, PR China. Electronic address:
Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) technology is often constrained by slow granulation and structural instability, issues largely attributed to imbalances in filamentous bacteria and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). In this study, calcium-loaded activated carbon microtubes (ACMTs-Ca) were developed as novel frameworks to enhance AGS formation and stability. The interfacial energy barrier between microorganisms and ACMTs-Ca was reduced by 67.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWater Res
August 2025
Hubei Key Laboratory of Multi-media Pollution Cooperative Control in Yangtze Basin, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China. Electronic address:
The aerobic granular sludge (AGS) process has emerged as a viable alternative to landfill leachate treatment. The mechanisms by which dissolved organic matter (DOM) in landfill leachate, a potential stimulant, is utilized during treatment with AGS systems remain unclear. In this study, we revealed DOM-mediated nitrogen removal in AGS receiving the effluent from up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB).
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