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http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.138578 | DOI Listing |
Alzheimers Res Ther
September 2025
Motor Control and Learning Group, Institute of Human Movement Sciences and Sport, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Leopold-Ruzicka-Weg 4, Zurich, 8093, Switzerland.
Introduction: Exergame-based training is emerging as the most effective exercise modality for improving cognition, yet its neural correlates remain largely unexplored. This study explored gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) changes following the addition of ‘Brain-IT’ training to usual care in mild neurocognitive disorder (mNCD) and their associations with cognitive performance changes.
Methods: We included 41 participants with mNCD, randomized to either the intervention (‘Brain-IT’ training + usual care) or the control (usual care only) group.
ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci
August 2025
Asociación Científica Psicodélica, 35412 Canary Islands, Spain.
The therapeutic potential of psychedelic substances, particularly psilocybin, for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) has garnered considerable attention. However, the necessity of subjective psychedelic experiences for therapeutic efficacy remains unclear, creating a critical gap in the field. To determine whether subjective psychedelic experiences induced by psilocybin are required for its antidepressant effects or whether these effects are mediated solely by neurobiological actions independent of consciousness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFamily history is one the most powerful risk factor for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), yet no study has tested whether multimodal Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) combined with deep learning can separate familial ADHD (ADHD-F) and non-familial ADHD (ADHD-NF). T1-weighted and diffusion-weighted MRI data from 438 children (129 ADHD-F, 159 ADHD-NF, and 150 controls) were parcellated into 425 cortical and white-matter metrics. Our pipeline combined three feature-selection steps (t-test filtering, mutual-information ranking, and Lasso) with an auto-encoder and applied the binary-hypothesis strategy throughout; each held-out subject was assigned both possible labels in turn and evaluated under leave-one-out testing nested within five-fold cross-validation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSchizophr Res Cogn
December 2025
Department of Psychiatry, Medical University and University Hospital Pleven, 113 Storgozia district, 5800 Pleven, Bulgaria.
Background And Hypothesis: psychotic disorders induced by substances like marijuana, amphetamines and methamphetamines (SIPDs) are a growing mental health problem, yet the question do they represent a separate psychotic class independent from schizophrenia (SZ) still stands. Studies comparing clinical and cognitive performance of SIPD and SZ patients have produced inconsistent results.
Study Design: we performed a cross-sectional analysis of 62 subjects divided into two statistically matched groups ( = 31 each) with SZ and SIPD respectively.
J Sleep Res
August 2025
Unit of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
The aim of this paper is to review the phenomenon of bistability, a basic working mode of NREM sleep. The perpetual oscillations between two opposite states in sleep slow waves, K-complexes as well as in the Cyclic Alternating Pattern (CAP) on a different time scale; appear spontaneously and can also be elicited by sensory stimulation, representing a response of the sleeping brain. Although there is extensive literature on bistability, its significance remains obscure.
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