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Is self-reflection necessary for metacognition to occur? Like Kornell (2014, pp. 143-149), we struggle with this question. If humans metacognition is not always self-reflective, why should we expect animals to be so? We suggest that one way to pursue metacognition in animals is to examine its ecological and evolutionary relevance.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0034030 | DOI Listing |
J Exp Child Psychol
September 2025
School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.
The current study explores the relation between how children evaluate their knowledge when thinking only about what they know (i.e., absolute knowledge) and when they compare their knowledge to that of an expert (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Exp Neuropsychol
September 2025
Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
Background: Metamemory is the awareness of and ability to evaluate one's own cognitive abilities. This study examined impaired metamemory as a possible mechanism contributing to persistent cognitive symptoms after COVID-19.
Methods: Individuals with previous COVID-19 illness were recruited.
J Exp Psychol Gen
September 2025
Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, University of Osaka.
Everyday decision making often involves choosing between multiple alternatives, and developing unified theories for this process would benefit broad disciplines of behavioral science. A key challenge lies in explaining behavioral irrationalities that arise specifically in multialternative decisions. This study, based on preregistered procedures, investigated such nonnormative behaviors in a three-choice dot numerosity discrimination task.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Eval Clin Pract
September 2025
Department of General Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University Hospital, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan.
Rationale: Physicians sometimes encounter various types of gut feelings (GFs) during clinical diagnosis. The type of GF addressed in this paper refers to the intuitive sense that the generated hypothesis might be incorrect. An appropriate diagnosis cannot be obtained unless these GFs are articulated and inventive solutions are devised.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEncephale
September 2025
Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, C2S, Reims, France; Groupe Hospitalier Paul-Guiraud, GHT Psy Sud, Boulogne-Billancourt, France. Electronic address:
Objectives: This systematic review aims to evaluate the impact of cognitive-behavioral and metacognitive therapies on cognitive and clinical insight into early schizophrenia disease.
Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted across several databases, including Pubmed, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library, focusing on studies published between 2006 and May 2024. The studies selected for this review were either randomized controlled trials (RCTs), cross-sectional studies, or exploratory studies.