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Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin is the most poisonous substance known to humans. It is a potential biowarfare threat and a public health hazard. The only therapeutics available is antibody treatment which will not be effective for post-exposure therapy. There are no drugs available for post-intoxication treatment. Accordingly, it is imperative to develop effective drugs to counter botulism. Available structural information on botulinum neurotoxins both alone and in complex with their substrates offers an efficient method for designing structure-based drugs to treat botulism.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33570-9_10 | DOI Listing |
Dermatol Surg
September 2025
Etre Cosmetic Dermatology and Laser Center, New Orleans, Louisiana.
Background: Botulinum neurotoxins in aesthetic medicine require reconstitution, which may cause administration errors.
Objective: To evaluate liquid nivobotulinumtoxinA treatment of lateral canthal lines (LCL) and glabellar lines (GL).
Materials And Methods: Participants with moderate-to-severe LCL with/without moderate-to-severe GL were enrolled in 2 double-blind randomized clinical trials.
Brain Behav
September 2025
Department of Neurology, Huai'an First People's Hospital, the Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China.
Background And Purpose: Parkinson's disease (PD), a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor impairments, frequently accompanied by neuropsychiatric symptoms that significantly impair daily functioning and quality of life. The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) in alleviating neuropsychiatric symptoms among PD patients.
Methods: This is an open-label, nonrandomized controlled trial.
Eur J Pediatr
September 2025
Department of Paediatric Otolaryngology, Royal Hospital for Children, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow, G51 4TF, UK.
Unlabelled: Drooling is a common problem in children with neurodisability, and refractory cases may require surgery. Our aim was to assess whether a child's response to salivary botulinum toxin injections would predict success or failure from subsequent surgical intervention. Retrospective case note review of all children undergoing drooling surgery between 1st January 2007 and 31st December 2023 at the Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFbioRxiv
August 2025
Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Ishikawa 920-8640, Japan.
Botulinum toxins (BoNTs) are the most potent known bacterial toxins. The BoNT complex from B-Okra (large progenitor toxin complex (L-PTC)/B, hyper-oral-toxic) exerts at least 80-fold higher oral toxicity in mice compared with that from serotype A1 (L-PTC/A, non-hyper-oral-toxic). Here, we showed that L-PTC/B was predominantly absorbed through enterocytes, whereas L-PTC/A targeted intestinal microfold cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
August 2025
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) is naturally produced by bacteria along with four nontoxic neurotoxin-associated proteins (NTNH, HA70, HA33, and HA17), forming a bimodular large progenitor toxin complex (L-PTC). The BoNT/A-NTNH complex protects the toxin from adverse environment, while the complex consisting of HA proteins facilitates toxin absorption during oral intoxication. How these two independent modules assemble into the L-PTC remains unclear.
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