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Imatinib resistance is an important hurdle in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), and CML patients with this drug resistance are often given a dismal prognosis. In this case report, an imatinib-refractory blast phase CML patient was treated with a combination of imatinib and nilotinib. A complete hematologic response was achieved within 3 months, the drug combination was well tolerated, and there was a relatively long bone-marrow complete remission. These results suggest that combining imatinib and nilotinib treatment may improve the outcome of imatinib-resistant CML patients in the blast phase. We hypothesize regarding the possible mechanism for the effectiveness of the drug combination by reviewing the recent literature.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000333107 | DOI Listing |
Blood Neoplasia
November 2025
Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX.
Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) is an aggressive hematologic neoplasm characterized by an expansion of CD123 monocytes and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs). pDC bone marrow clusters in CMML have been associated with higher rates of acute myeloid leukemia transformation. We evaluated tagraxofusp, a CD123-targeted therapy, in a phase 1/2 trial for patients with CMML.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHemasphere
September 2025
Hématologie et Hémostase Clinique, CHU de Brest Brest France.
Accelerated-phase (AP) or blast-phase (BP) myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are associated with dismal prognosis, with non-curative therapies such as hypomethylating agents (HMAs) considered in patients not eligible for intensive therapy, while some studies advocate for combination therapy with either ruxolitinib (RUXO) or venetoclax (VEN). To assess the relationship between treatment modalities and outcome, herein, we report a multicentric cohort of 149 patients (median age, 75 years) with AP/BP MPN not eligible for intensive therapy and/or allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation who received azacitidine (AZA) alone ( = 60) or in combination ( = 89; VEN [ = 51], RUXO [ = 27], or both [ = 9], isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibitors [ = 2]) between January 2019 and October 2023. With a median follow-up of 15 months, the median overall survival of the full cohort was 8.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeuk Res Rep
August 2025
Department of Hematology, The Second Hospital & Clinical Medical School, Lanzhou University, No. 82, Cuyingmen, Lanzhou, Gansu Province 730030, China.
The use of TKIs has significantly improved the prognosis of CML. However, a small subset of patients still experience poor outcomes. We present a rare case of Ph-AML following a diagnosis of CML.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
August 2025
Medical Oncology, The Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, IND.
Introduction Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in pediatric and adolescent populations is relatively rare. The present study provides an integrated approach to evaluate the impact of molecular and cytogenetic response on long-term outcomes in these populations by incorporating demographic factors and hematological parameters, and to explore their clinical relevance in resource-limited settings. Material and methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients <18 years with newly diagnosed CML from January 2014 to December 2023 at the Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute in India.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
August 2025
Translational Science and Therapeutics Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Approximately 1.5 million people worldwide suffer from chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). MicroRNAs (miRs) are important regulators of gene expression and offer an attractive option as biomarkers for cancer detection, diagnosis, and prognosis assessment in solid and liquid tumors.
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