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Autism is characterized by deficits in attention. However, no study has investigated the dynamics of attentional processes in autistic patients yet. The attentional blink (AB) paradigm provides information about the temporal dynamics of attention in particular about the allocation and the duration of an attentional episode. We compared 11 high functioning autistic patients with 15 control participants on a classical AB task. Autistic patients exhibited a deficit in rapidly allocated attentional resources. Further investigations such as coupling AB evaluation with neuroimaging data and/or increasing the size of groups, would allow for investigating the neurobiological substrates of these AB alterations in autistic patients.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10803-009-0821-5 | DOI Listing |
Front Psychiatry
August 2025
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
Introduction: Accurately distinguishing individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) from those with schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) can be challenging, especially in individuals with an at-risk mental state (ARMS) for psychosis. Given the need for objective markers, we focused on mismatch negativity (MMN). This study aimed to determine whether ARMS individuals with ASD traits exhibit different MMN patterns compared to ARMS individuals without such traits and healthy controls.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOphthalmol Sci
June 2025
Tschannen Eye Institute, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California.
Objective: To assess retinal structures in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and its correlation with cognitive impairments and brain volumes.
Design: A retrospective case-control study.
Subjects: Adults with ASD and matched neurotypical controls were identified from the UK Biobank (UKBB).
Mol Psychiatry
August 2025
Institute for Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine, Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder with social communication deficits, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests. While previous studies have demonstrated a close link between aberrant neurogenesis and the development of autism, a fundamental question remains unresolved: Does the anomalous neurogenesis observed in autism serve as a causative factor, and if so, could restoring aberrant neurogenesis alleviate autistic behaviors? In this study, we demonstrate that the manifestation of autistic behaviors can be caused by the aberrant activity of quiescent neural stem cells (qNSCs), resulting from the conditional deletion of Arid1b in adult brain NSCs. Particularly, increased H3K27me3 levels in qNSCs due to conditional Arid1b deficiency precipitated autism-related phenotypes, but rescuing this through H3K27me3 inhibition effectively reversed autistic-like phenotypes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDev Neurobiol
October 2025
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
Despite extensive research, the etiological factors contributing to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) remain incompletely understood, with potential influences ranging from genetic predispositions to environmental factors. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD-dependent histone deacetylase involved in mitigating oxidative stress and its association with other neurodevelopmental disorders, explores its function in ASD. This study aimed to elucidate the relationship between SIRT1 and inflammatory cytokines, specifically interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), in patients with ASD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenes (Basel)
July 2025
Institute of Physiology, Academic Center for Autism Research, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 813 72 Bratislava, Slovakia.
Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by a complex, multifactorial etiology with a strong genetic contribution. Our study aimed to evaluate the link between the burden of rare genetic variants within a specific panel of ASD and intellectual disability-associated genes and phenotypic variability in a cohort of children with autism in Slovakia.
Methods: Gene burden scores were calculated based on pathogenic, likely pathogenic, and uncertain significance rare DNA variants identified by whole-exome sequencing.