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Cryopreservation of mouse sperm is useful for maintaining various strains. However, fertility generally decreases after freezing. In particular, the fertility of cryopreserved C57BL/6J sperm is very low. To improve the fertility of frozen sperm, we examined the efficiencies of various media used for sperm preincubation (SP) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) in frozen C57BL/6J sperm. In this study, SP medium was examined for efficiency of fertility with respect to content, especially calcium (Ca(2+)), phosphate (PO(4)(3-)) and lactate. In all media containing no Ca(2+), including medium lacking Ca(2+), lacking Ca(2+) and PO(4)(3-), lacking Ca(2+) and lactate and lacking Ca(2+), PO(4)(3-) and lactate, high IVF rates were obtained (79, 69, 76 and 71%, respectively). On the other hand, the rates for media containing Ca(2+) were significantly lower (30-38%, P<0.05). After transfer, 41-50% of newborns were obtained in all media containing no Ca(2+). In conclusion, preincubation of thawed sperm in medium containing no Ca(2+) markedly improved the fertility of cryopreserved C57BL/6J sperm. These results indicate that the present method of IVF using medium with no Ca(2+) is practical for use in cryopreserved C57BL/6J sperm.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1262/jrd.20163 | DOI Listing |
Chem Asian J
August 2025
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India.
The secondary coordination sphere (SCS) around the substrate binding site of a catalyst, such as a proton relay, formation of a hydrogen bonding network, and electrostatic effects, plays a critical role in controlling the selectivity and rate of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, we report the ORR study of a series of Fe complexes having a uniform primary coordination sphere and an unlike SCS. The Fe(III) complex, lacking any secondary coordination sphere (SCS) modifications, exhibited slow oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics in the presence of decamethylferrocene (Fc) and trifluoroacetic acid (TFAH) in oxygen-saturated acetonitrile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFASEB J
August 2025
Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Neurosciences Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Chronic stress affects brain functions, leading to the development of mental disorders like anxiety and depression, as well as cognitive decline and social dysfunction. Among many biological changes in chronically stressed brains, disruptions in AMPA Receptor (AMPAR)-mediated synaptic transmission in the hippocampus are associated with stress responses. We have revealed that low-dose ketamine rapidly induces the expression of GluA1-containing, GluA2-lacking Ca-Permeable AMPARs (CP-AMPARs), which enhances glutamatergic synaptic strength in hippocampal neurons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Physiol
August 2025
School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Head movements are detected and signalled to primary sensory neurons by vestibular types I and II hair cells. Signal transmission involves glutamate exocytosis from hair cells, which is triggered by Ca inflow through voltage-gated Ca1.3 Ca channels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Biol
August 2025
Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Electronic address:
The CA3 region of the hippocampus is essential for associative memory. CA3 pyramidal neurons receive three canonical excitatory inputs-recurrent collaterals from other CA3 pyramidal neurons, mossy fiber input from the dentate gyrus (DG), and perforant path input from the entorhinal cortex-that terminate at specific dendritic compartments and have distinct functions. Yet, the additional extrahippocampal inputs to CA3 are less clear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Immunol
August 2025
Division of Molecular Immunology, Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan.
Introduction: C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are innate sensors crucial for antifungal and antimycobacterial responses, contributing to host defenses against pathogens, including the ubiquitous mold . Dendritic cell immunoreceptor (Dcir) modulates immune responses by limiting the development of inflammation and autoimmunity; however, its involvement in fungal infections has not been previously established.
Methods: Wild-type and Dcir-knockout C57BL/6J mice were infected with intratracheally to establish a model of pulmonary aspergillosis.