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Insect immune proteins and peptides induced during bacterial infection are predominantly synthesized by the fat body or by haemocytes and released into the hemolymph. However, tissues other than the "immune-related" ones are thought to play a role in bacteria-induced responses. Here we report a proteomic study of honey bee heads designed to identify the proteins that are differentially expressed after bacterial challenge in a major body segment not directly involved in insect immunity. The list of identified proteins includes structural proteins, an olfactory protein, proteins involved in signal transduction, energy housekeeping, and stress responses, and also two major royal jelly proteins. This study revealed a number of bacteria-induced responses in insect head tissue directly related to typical functions of the head, such as exocrine secretion, memory, and senses in general.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/arch.20179 | DOI Listing |
Theor Appl Genet
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
Hybrid breeding based on male sterility requires the removal of male parents, which is time- and labor-intensive; however, the use of female sterile male parent can solve this problem. In the offspring of distant hybridization between Brassica oleracea and Brassica napus, we obtained a mutant, 5GH12-279, which not only fails to generate gynoecium (thereby causing female sterility) but also has serrated leaves that could be used as a phenotypic marker in seedling screening. Genetic analysis revealed that this trait was controlled by a single dominant gene.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Biol
September 2025
Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA. Electronic address:
A new study shows that, as floral resources decline over the season, honey bees gradually increase their tolerance to attacks when foraging, a shift that may enable them to exploit other colonies' honey stores during robbing season.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
September 2025
Departamento de Biología, Escuela de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Universidad del Rosario, Bogotá, Colombia.
Honey bees (Apis mellifera) are essential pollinators threatened by sublethal effects of pesticides such as imidacloprid, a widely used neonicotinoid that disrupts the central nervous system. However, many of the systemic effects are poorly understood, especially on the physiological homeostasis of the honey bee. We evaluated the effects of oral administration of imidacloprid and the flavonol rutin on the properties of extracellular fluid (ECF) in Apis mellifera.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiol Rev Camb Philos Soc
September 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, 116 ST and 83rd Ave, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E9, Canada.
In social species, group functions often benefit from variation among individual group members. Many highly integrated social insect colonies rely on division of labour among colony members and emergent properties of their collective behaviour and physiology. Response threshold models are a prominent proximate explanation of division of labour, but how variation in response thresholds arise is largely unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
August 2025
Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Dehradun, IND.
Comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is a vital public health intervention that extends beyond basic biological facts to encompass emotional well-being, healthy relationships, and consent. This review explores the evolving landscape of sexuality education, examining diverse teaching methods, cultural and societal influences, and evidence-based strategies for effective implementation across all age groups and settings. By highlighting innovative practices, addressing persistent gaps and controversies, and advocating for inclusive models, this article positions sexuality education as a critical component of holistic health and public well-being, essential for fostering informed decision-making and promoting sexual rights globally.
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