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A new high-performance liquid chromatography method for the quantitative determination of ethambutol hydrochloride in combination tablets is presented. Ethambutol is derivatized with phenylethylisocyanatate at room temperature (22 +/- 2 degrees C) for 5 min. Separation is performed by a C(18) column using methanol-water-glacial acetic acid (70:30:0.2, v/v/v) as the mobile phase. The method is linear for drug concentrations in the range of 20-120 microg/mL (r=0.9995). The intra- and inter-day precisions are lower than 1.46% and 2.22%, respectively. The average recovery of the samples at three levels is 99.8%. The results show that derivatization of ethambutol is stable at 30 degrees C for 24 h. This method is simple, rapid, and stable in the presence of common excipients and antituberculosis drugs in the tablets.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/chromsci/45.5.269 | DOI Listing |
Cureus
August 2025
Division of Infectious Diseases, Hyogo Prefectural Kobe Children's Hospital, Hyogo, JPN.
Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is predominantly observed in developing countries but remains relatively rare in developed countries. Therefore, if a clinician does not suspect TBM, its diagnosis may be delayed. Furthermore, drug-induced hepatotoxicity is common and can become severe during TBM treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLancet Infect Dis
September 2025
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Background: Based on results from preclinical and clinical studies, a five-drug combination of isoniazid, rifapentine, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and clofazimine was identified with treatment shortening potential for drug-susceptible tuberculosis; the Clo-Fast trial aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of this regimen. We compared 3 months of isoniazid, rifapentine, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and clofazimine, administered with a clofazimine loading dose, to the standard 6 month regimen of isoniazid, rifampicin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol in drug-susceptible tuberculosis.
Methods: Clo-Fast was a phase 2c open-label trial recruiting participants at six sites in five countries.
Cureus
July 2025
Infectious Diseases, Saint Michael's Medical Center, Newark, USA.
is an acid-fast bacterium with a diverse range of clinical manifestations and is considered rare in Western countries. Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health concern and can pose several challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Paired with changing immigration policies, immigrant populations can face several barriers to healthcare.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Ophthalmol
August 2025
Dr Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, India
Aims: To evaluate structural and visual functional parameters in ethambutol-related toxic optic neuropathy (EON).
Methods: In this prospective study, we recruited 95 adults with EON presenting within 1 month of onset and 100 age-matched healthy controls. Best-corrected visual acuity (Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study chart), colour vision (Ishihara pseudoisochromatic plates), contrast sensitivity (Pelli-Robson chart), Humphrey visual field analysis (HVF 30-2 Swedish Interactive Threshold Algorithm-FAST), visual evoked response and spectral domain optical coherence tomography for macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (mGC-IPL), retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and papillomacular bundle (PMB) analyses were done at baseline, 3 months and 6 months.
Sci Rep
August 2025
Communicable Disease Surveillance Centre (CDSC), Public Health Wales, Cardiff, Wales, UK.
Identification of factors contributing to tuberculosis (TB) transmission can guide targeted measures to reduce morbidity. Varying findings for factors associated with TB genomic clustering exist. We describe Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain diversity, drug-resistance, and ongoing transmission in Wales using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)-based typing to infer lineage and clusters.
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