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We propose a model of network growth that generalizes the deactivation model previously suggested for complex networks. Several topological features of this generalized model, such as the degree distribution and clustering coefficient, have been investigated analytically and by simulations. A scaling behavior of clustering coefficient C approximately 1/M is theoretically obtained, where M refers to the number of active nodes in the network. We discuss the relationship between the recently observed numerical behavior of clustering coefficient in the coauthor and paper citation networks and our theoretical result. It shows that both of them are induced by deactivation mechanism. By introducing a perturbation, the generated network undergoes a transition from large to small world, meanwhile the scaling behavior of C is conserved. It indicates that C approximately 1/M is a universal scaling behavior induced by deactivation mechanism.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.74.046103 | DOI Listing |
J Phys Chem Lett
September 2025
School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K.
The electron-deficient oxidant 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) has recently emerged as a promising visible-light photoredox catalyst. However, its excited-state behavior remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate the ultrafast dynamics of photoexcited DDQ in acetonitrile using transient electronic and infrared absorption spectroscopy, supported by quantum chemical calculations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Psychol
September 2025
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Objectives/background: Prior studies have claimed that people engage in compulsive buying in an attempt to deal with stress. Nonetheless, not every stressed person engages in compulsive buying. It is therefore important to investigate the cognitive mechanisms underlying such behavior.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurol Res Pract
September 2025
German Neurological Society, Berlin, Germany.
Background: Recreational nitrous oxide (NO) abuse has become increasingly prevalent, raising concerns about associated health risks. In Germany, the lack of reliable data on NO consumption patterns limits the development of effective public health interventions. This study aims to address this knowledge gap by examining trends, determinants, and health consequences of NO abuse in Germany.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFluids Barriers CNS
September 2025
Department of Medical Sciences, Neurology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Background: Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) predominantly manifests with gait disturbances, yet clinical assessments are vulnerable to confirmation bias, particularly post-shunt surgery. Blinded video evaluations are a method to enhance objectivity in gait assessment, but their reliability has never been systematically investigated. The aim was to evaluate the inter-rater reliability of blinded gait assessments in iNPH patients and to investigate how these assessments correlate with the Hellström iNPH scale and patient-reported health status following shunt surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Neurol
September 2025
Department of Neurology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany.
Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor symptoms altering gait domains such as slow walking speed, reduced step and stride length, and increased double support time. Gait disturbances occur in the early, mild to moderate, and advanced stages of the disease in both backward walking (BW) and forward walking (FW), but are more pronounced in BW. At this point, however, no information is available about BW performance and disease stages specified using the Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) scale.
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