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We report the first direct measurements, to our knowledge, of optical signal path delay fluctuations caused by optical turbulence in the atmosphere. The experiments were based on satellite laser ranging. Our initial motivation was to identify all the random error contributors in satellite laser ranging. We measured and identified the random path fluctuations caused by the atmosphere in the range of units of picoseconds. An appropriate fluctuation model was developed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.30.001767 | DOI Listing |
Microbes Environ
September 2025
Sustainable Process Engineering Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya.
Nitrifying communities in activated sludge play a crucial role in biological nitrogen removal processes in municipal wastewater treatment plants. While extensive research has been conducted in temperate regions, limited information is available on nitrifiers in tropical regions. The present study investigated all currently known nitrifying communities in two full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plants in Malaysia operated under low-dissolved oxygen (DO) (0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Colloid Interface Sci
September 2025
State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of the Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China; College of Aerospace Engineering, Nanjing University of Aerona
Ion adsorption at the solid-liquid interface of two-dimensional (2D) materials is ubiquitous and plays a pivotal role in interfacial physicochemical interactions. In practical applications, 2D materials are typically supported on solid substrates. Understanding the role of the supporting substrate is therefore critical for advancing our fundamental knowledge of interfacial interactions and downstream application success.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
August 2025
Purdue University, Department of Physics and Astronomy, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.
We experimentally and numerically study the collapse dynamics of a quantum vortex in a two-dimensional atomic superfluid following a fast interaction ramp from repulsion to attraction. We find the conditions and timescales for a superfluid vortex to radially converge into a quasistationary density profile, demonstrating the spontaneous formation of a vortex solitonlike structure in an atomic Bose gas. We record an emergent self-similar dynamics caused by an azimuthal modulational instability, which amplifies initial density perturbations and leads to the eventual splitting of a solitonic ring profile or direct fragmentation of a superfluid into disordered, but roughly circular arrays of Townes solitonlike wave packets.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrthod Craniofac Res
September 2025
Department of Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Institute of Science Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Objective: It is well-established that occlusion and dental arch form are related to the morphology and function of the oral soft tissues. Oral soft tissue dynamic assessment is important for elucidating the causes of malocclusion and developing effective treatment methods. We previously developed a small mouthguard-type sensing device for measuring oral soft tissue pressure; however, its continuous measurement performance had not been thoroughly evaluated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatients with cardiovascular compromise are likely to develop hypotension upon receiving even small doses of sedatives. On the other hand, patients with severe dental phobias or with intellectual disability who have a severe gag reflex often require deeper levels of anesthesia. Thus, achieving an optimal level of anesthesia can be difficult in patients with cardiovascular compromise because of the relatively narrow range of sedative dosing capable of providing sufficient sedation to prevent the gag reflex without compromising hemodynamics.
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