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Routine preparation methods of liquid and solid samples for IR analysis are introduced, deficiencies of conventional KBr pellet and liquid film most often used are pointed out and a modified preparation method of sample is put forward, i.e. preparing a liquid film by using two blank KBr pellets or by dipping blank KBr pellet into solution which is the mixture of sample and low boiling point organic solvent. For low boiling point liquid sample, a liquid film is prepared by using two blank KBr pellets; for high boiling point liquid sample, dipping a blank KBr pellet is used; for solid sample, dipping a blank KBr pellet is used as well. From the comparison of routine and modified preparation methods, this new method can meet the need of qualitative analysis and overcome the deficiencies of conventional KBr pellet and liquid film.
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Sci Rep
April 2025
Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Adichunchanagiri College of Pharmacy, Adichunchanagiri University, B.G. Nagara, Karnataka, India.
The selection of IR spectroscopic approach for quantification of drugs supports green analytical chemistry principles without compromising the method analytical performance. The method follows pressed pellet technique for preparing samples using potassium bromide without using any toxic solvents and even reduced waste too. An easy, fast, and environmentally friendly FT-IR spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for the simultaneous measurement of amlodipine besylate (AML) and telmisartan (TEL) in pharmaceutical combination formulations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Work Expo Health
February 2025
School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa.
Introduction: Overexposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) can lead to the development of silicosis and other respiratory diseases. The mine under study was reported to have the highest number of certified cases of pneumoconiosis in Zambia in 2015, and in 2008, a study revealed that 56% of the RCS samples exceeded 0.05 mg/m3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effects of light scattering and refraction play significantly different roles for aerosols than for bulk materials, making it challenging to identify aerosolized chemicals using traditional spectral methods or spectral reference libraries. Due to a potentially infinite number of particle morphologies, sizes, and compositions, constructing a database of laboratory-measured aerosol spectra is not a practical solution. Here, as an alternative approach, the measured n/k optical vectors of two example organic materials (diethyl phthalate and D-mannitol) are used in combination with particle absorption / scattering theory (Mie theory and FDTD) and the Beer-Lambert law to generate a series of synthetic infrared transmission / scattered light spectra.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChem Mater
September 2024
A.J. Drexel Nanomaterials Institute, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.
Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy characterization is a powerful and easy-to-use technique frequently employed for the characterization and fingerprinting of materials. Although MXenes are a large and fastest growing family of inorganic 2D materials, the lack of systematic FTIR spectroscopy studies hinders its application to MXenes and often leads to misinterpretation of the results. In this study, we report experimental and calculated FTIR spectra of 12 most typical carbide and carbonitride MXenes with different compositions (5 transition metals) and all four basic structures, including TiCT , NbCT , MoCT , VCT , TiCT , TiCNT , MoTiCT , MoTiCT , NbCT , VCT , TaCT , and MoVCT .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObtaining the complex refractive index vectors (~) and (~) allows calculation of the (infrared) reflectance spectrum that is obtained from a solid in any of its many morphological forms. We report an adaptation to the KBr pellet technique using two gravimetric dilutions to derive quantitative (~)/(~) for dozens of powders with greater repeatability. The optical constants of bisphenol A and sucrose are compared to those derived by other methods, particularly for powdered materials.
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