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A synthesis of apicularen precursor (-)-6 in 18 steps from D-glucal is reported. As (+)-6 has been converted into the potent, naturally occurring salicylate anti-cancer agent, (-)-apicularen A in 8 steps, this study constitutes a formal total synthesis of (+)-apicularen A. Key steps in the synthetic route include: (i) useful D-glucal elaboration processes, (ii) organometallic displacements at carbohydrate C-6 triflates using Knochel-type and related functionalised, aromatic Grignard reagents, (iii) stereoselective allyltrimethylsilane-acetal reactions generating C-allyl systems, (iv) stereocontrolled aldehyde allylation processes from both substrate and reagent, and (v) a novel Keck-type macrolactonisation. In addition, preliminary studies are reported in which a procedure has been devised to convert apicularen-derived intermediates into salicylihalamide-like products.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b209637b | DOI Listing |
Obes Surg
September 2025
E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
Background: We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of using additional obesity management medications (OMMs) within the first year after undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG).
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 246 patients who underwent primary LSG in our institution and were followed up for at least 12 months. We collected body weights preoperatively and at three, six, 12, and 24 months postoperatively, along with body composition and laboratory results preoperatively and at 12 months.
J Chem Theory Comput
September 2025
Materials DX Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Tsukuba Central 2, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan.
The quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics (QM/MM) method is a powerful approach for investigating solid surfaces in contact with various types of media, since it allows for flexible modeling of complex interfaces while maintaining an all-atom representation. The mean-field QM/MM method is an average reaction field model within the QM/MM framework. The method addresses the challenges associated with the statistical sampling of interfacial atomic configurations of a medium and enables efficient calculation of free energies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpidemiol Serv Saude
September 2025
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.
Objectives: To assess the time taken to diagnose cervical cancer in Brazil and identify associated sociodemographic and clinical factors in the period 2016-2020.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of cervical neoplasms diagnosed between 2016 and 2020, using data collected from the Hospital Cancer Registry. The logistic regression model was applied to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).
PLoS One
September 2025
HUN-REN Centre for Ecological Research, Institute of Evolution, Budapest, Hungary.
We develop a model that integrates evolutionary matrix game theory with Mendelian genetics. Within this framework, we define the genotype dynamics that describes how the frequencies of genotypes change in sexual diploid populations. We show that our formal definition of evolutionary stability for genotype distributions implies the stability of the corresponding interior equilibrium point in the genotype dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFERJ Open Res
September 2025
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
Background: Measurement of total lung capacity (TLC) requires large and expensive equipment. We aimed to investigate whether spirometric restriction and low alveolar volume measured by single breath gas transfer ( ) can be used to identify those with a low TLC.
Methods: We retrospectively analysed data from adults referred to Cambridge University Hospitals between January 2016 and December 2023.