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A compact integrated optical sensor system for a large variety of different (bio-) chemical applications using replicated sensor chips is described. Features of the refractometric system to be emphasized for practical applications include a high-resolution window that can be positioned within a wide measuring range, an in situ chip testing and characterization procedure, and on-chip referencing. As an application example, experimental results on refractometric measurements as well as on the suppression of non-specific binding are given.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0956-5663(00)00131-7 | DOI Listing |
BMC Ecol Evol
September 2025
Lehrstuhl für Zoologie, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Liesel-Beckmann Strasse 4, Freising, 85354, Germany.
Accurate three-dimensional localisation of ultrasonic bat calls is essential for advancing behavioural and ecological research. I present a comprehensive, open-source simulation framework-Array WAH-for designing, evaluating, and optimising microphone arrays tailored to bioacoustic tracking. The tool incorporates biologically realistic signal generation, frequency-dependent propagation, and advanced Time Difference of Arrival (TDoA) localisation algorithms, enabling precise quantification of both positional and angular accuracy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Biotechnol
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are effective targeted therapeutics but are limited in their ability to incorporate less-potent payloads, varied drug mechanisms of action, different drug release mechanisms and tunable drug-to-antibody ratios. Here we introduce a technology to overcome these limitations called 'antibody-bottlebrush prodrug conjugates' (ABCs). An ABC consists of an IgG1 monoclonal antibody covalently conjugated to the terminus of a compact bivalent bottlebrush prodrug that has payloads bound through cleavable linkers and polyethylene glycol branches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neural Eng
September 2025
Hansen Experimental Physics Laboratory, Stanford University, 452 Lomita Mall, Stanford, California, 94305, UNITED STATES.
Clinical trials of the photovoltaic subretinal prosthesis PRIMA demonstrated feasibility of prosthetic central vision with resolution matching its 100 μm pixel width. To improve prosthetic acuity further, pixel size should be decreased. However, there are multiple challenges, one of which is related to accommodating a compact shunt resistor within each pixel that discharges the electrodes between stimulation pulses and helps increase the contrast of the electric field pattern.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
September 2025
Federal University of São Paulo, Laboratory of Hybrid Materials, Diadema, São Paulo 09913-030, Brazil.
This study demonstrates the successful fabrication of nanostructured Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films combining the conjugated copolymer poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene--3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PDOF--PEDOT) with spherical and triangular silver nanoparticles (AgNP). The LB technique allowed precise control over the molecular arrangement and distribution of the nanoparticles at the air-water interface, resulting in compact, reproducible and structurally ordered nanocomposite films. The structural and morphological properties of the interfacial monolayers and LB films were investigated using surface pressure-area isotherms, Brewster angle microscopy, polarization modulation infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) and quartz crystal microbalance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Mater
September 2025
College of Integrated Circuits & Micro-Nano Electronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
High-operating-temperature (HOT) mid-wavelength and long-wavelength infrared photodetectors have emerged as critical enablers for eliminating bulky cryogenic cooling systems, offering transfromative potential in developing compact, energy-efficient infrared technologies with reduced size, weight, power, and cost. Focusing on infrared photodiodes, this review first discusses the fundamental mechanisms limiting performance at elevated operating temperatures. Subsequently, the progress in conventional epitaxial semiconductors, such as HgCdTe, InAsSb, and III-V type-II superlattice is reviewed, highlighting the evolution of device architectures designed to effectively suppress dark currents and approach background-limited performance.
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