The Neurofibrillary Tangle Maturity Scale: A Novel Framework for Tangle Pathology Evaluation in Alzheimer's Disease.

Neurofibrillary tangles are dynamic neuropathologic hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease with a hypothesized lifespan morphologically-defined by three maturity levels: pretangles, mature tangles, and ghost tangles. To better understand the progression of tangle pathophysiology, we characterized tangle maturity level predilection of 15 tau antibodies recognizing a broad range of linear, phosphorylation, conformational, and truncation epitopes in the hippocampus of 24 postmortem brains. We developed the tangle maturity scoring system to semi-quantitatively evaluate each tangle maturity level.

Menopausal hormone therapy in women with CADASIL: a health system-wide retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Menopausal hormone therapy (HT) alleviates menopause symptoms but may alter stroke risk and migraines. Concerns of compounding risk in patients with CADASIL may deter physicians from prescribing HT. We aimed to describe HT use patterns in women with CADASIL.

Pelvic Radiation Therapy Increases Risk of Pouch Failure in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Ileal Pouch.

Background: The effect of radiation on the ileal pouch is less well studied in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and ileal pouch-anal anastomosis.

Aims: This retrospective study investigates the impact of external radiation therapy on the outcomes of ileal pouches.

Methods: The study included 82 patients with IBD and ileal pouches, of whom 12 received pelvic radiation, 16 abdominal radiation, 14 radiation in other fields, and 40 served as controls with no radiation.

Clinicopathologic Heterogeneity and Glial Activation Patterns in Alzheimer Disease.

Importance: Factors associated with clinical heterogeneity in Alzheimer disease (AD) lay along a continuum hypothesized to associate with tangle distribution and are relevant for understanding glial activation considerations in therapeutic advancement.

Objectives: To examine clinicopathologic and neuroimaging characteristics of disease heterogeneity in AD along a quantitative continuum using the corticolimbic index (CLix) to account for individuality of spatially distributed tangles found at autopsy.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This cross-sectional study was a retrospective medical record review performed on the Florida Autopsied Multiethnic (FLAME) cohort accessioned from 1991 to 2020.

Decrease in Cerebral Blood Flow after Reoxygenation Is Associated with Neurological Syndrome Sequelae and Blood Pressure.

Changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and regulation of cerebral circulation occur at high altitude (HA). However, the changes in CBF and their associations with neurological syndrome sequelae and blood pressure after subjects return to the lowlands remain unclear. In this study, the subjects were 23 college students who were teaching at an altitude of 4300 m for 30 days.

Clinical and genetic predictors of cardiac dysfunction assessed by echocardiography in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis.

Purpose: Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) may cause iron deposition in cardiac tissue. We aimed to describe the echocardiographic findings in patients with HH and identify risk factors for cardiac dysfunction.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we included patients with HH who underwent transthoracic echocardiography at our tertiary care center between August 2000 and July 2022.

A clinical review of congenital hepatic fibrosis diagnosed in adulthood: presentation, complications, and outcomes.

Introduction And Objectives: Congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) is a rare condition characterized by biliary tract changes and a geographic pattern of liver fibrosis. Liver biopsy is essential to confirm its diagnosis. The absence of specific clinical indicators in adults often leads to delays in diagnosis and management, while the natural history has not been well described.

Retrospective Evaluation of Neuropathologic Proxies of the Minimal Atrophy Subtype Compared With Corticolimbic Alzheimer Disease Subtypes.

Background And Objectives: Alzheimer disease (AD) is neuropathologically classified into 3 corticolimbic subtypes based on the neurofibrillary tangle distribution throughout the hippocampus and association cortices: limbic predominant, typical, and hippocampal sparing. In vivo, a fourth subtype, dubbed "minimal atrophy," was identified using structural MRI. The objective of this study was to identify a neuropathologic proxy for the neuroimaging-defined minimal atrophy subtype.

Incidence and clinical features of pediatric ocular trauma in a population-based cohort.

Purpose: To report the incidence and clinical characteristics of pediatric ocular and adnexal injuries diagnosed over a 10-year period in Olmsted County, Minnesota.

Methods: This multicenter retrospective, population-based cohort study included all patients <19 years of age in Olmsted County diagnosed with ocular or adnexal injuries from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2009.

Results: A total of 740 ocular or adnexal injuries occurred during the study period, yielding an incidence of 203 (95% CI, 189-218) per 100,000 children.

Intensive Statin Therapy for Acute Ischemic Stroke to Reduce the Number of Microemboli: A Preliminary, Randomized Controlled Study.

Background: To assess whether intensive statin therapy reduces the occurrence of microemboli in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Methods: Patients with acute ischemic stroke within 72 h of onset were randomized to the intensive statin (atorvastatin 60 mg/day, adjusted to 20 mg/day after 7 days) and control (atorvastatin 20 mg/day) groups. Combined aspirin and clopidogrel were used for antiplatelet therapy.