Protocol to generate genetically engineered organoid-initiated mouse models of esophageal cancer.

Here, we present a protocol for generating genetically engineered organoid-initiated mouse models of esophageal cancer. We describe steps for isolating mouse esophageal primary cells, organoids culture, construct and virus preparation, and genome editing. We then detail procedures for transplanting engineered organoids into the esophagus, forming squamous cell carcinoma, and tumorigenesis monitoring.

EZH2 loss promotes gastric squamous cell carcinoma.

Gastric Squamous Cell Carcinoma (GSCC) is a rare but aggressive subtype of gastric cancer with unique histopathology, whose etiology remains poorly understood. Here, we perform genomics analyses of twenty GSCC samples and find that epigenetic regulation genes are among the most frequently mutated genes, including Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). Ezh2 loss induces squamous feature both in gastric organoids in vitro and in vivo mouse model.

Acquired resistance to immunotherapy by physical barriers with cancer cell-expressing collagens in non-small cell lung cancer.

Immunotherapy has become the standard treatment for many types of cancers, but an increasing number of patients who initially respond to these treatments develop acquired immunotherapy resistance (AIR). Here, we recapitulated the entire process of immunotherapy from response to AIR in mice with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). With implanted tumor organoids derived from these models and serial transplants, we demonstrated that tumor cell-intrinsic mechanisms contributed significantly to AIR.

Anti-aliasing multi-bit sigma-delta modulated cobweb-like disk resonator gyroscope with extending input range.

A novel cobweb-like disk resonator gyroscope (CDRG) is introduced in this paper, which integrates a multi-bit electro-mechanical sigma-delta modulation (ΣΔΜ) system to significantly expand the input angular rate signal range, improving performance metrics like signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and noise reduction. This design seeks to overcome the limitations associated with single-bit ΣΔΜ gyroscope systems by incorporating a linear multi-bit force feedback mechanism that utilizes nonlinear actuators driven by pulse density modulation. The proposed gyroscope system effectively broadens the input range without necessitating higher actuation voltages.

Comparative study of individualized 3D-printing navigation technology and free-hand isthmus method in lumbar CBT screw implantation.

Objectives: Traditional cortical bone trajectory (CBT) screws in the lumbar spine offer greater holding strength and are well-suited for patients with osteoporosis. However, the screw implantation procedure is challenging and associated with significant risk. This study aimed to assess whether individualized 3D-printing navigation technology provides higher accuracy and better clinical outcomes compared to the free-hand isthmus method for lumbar CBT screw implantation.

A platform of functional studies of ESCC-associated gene mutations identifies the roles of TGFBR2 in ESCC progression and metastasis.

Genomics studies have detected numerous genetic alterations in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). However, the functions of these mutations largely remain elusive, partially due to a lack of feasible animal models. Here, we report a convenient platform with CRISPR-Cas9-mediated introduction of genetic alterations and orthotopic transplantation to generate a series of primary ESCC models in mice.

Kemeny Constant-Based Optimization of Network Clustering Using Graph Neural Networks.

The recent trend in using network and graph structures to represent a variety of different data types has renewed interest in the graph partitioning (GP) problem. This interest stems from the need for general methods that can both efficiently identify network communities and reduce the dimensionality of large graphs while satisfying various application-specific criteria. Traditional clustering algorithms often struggle to capture the complex relationships within graphs and generalize to arbitrary clustering criteria.

Design and Implementation of an Event-Driven Smart Sensor Node for Wireless Monitoring Systems.

In this paper, an event-driven wireless sensor node is proposed and demonstrated. The primary design objective is to devise a wireless sensor node with miniaturization, integration, and high-accuracy recognition ability. The proposed wireless sensor node integrates two vibration-threshold-triggered energy harvesters that sense and power a threshold voltage control circuit for power management, a microcontroller unit (MCU) for system control, a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) environment data analysis and vibration events distribution, and a radio frequency (RF) digital baseband transmitter with IEEE 802.

Regenerative failure of intrahepatic biliary cells in Alagille syndrome rescued by elevated Jagged/Notch/Sox9 signaling.

Despite the robust healing capacity of the liver, regenerative failure underlies numerous hepatic diseases, including the haploinsufficient disorder, Alagille syndrome (ALGS). Cholestasis due to intrahepatic duct (IHD) paucity resolves in certain ALGS cases but fails in most with no clear mechanisms or therapeutic interventions. We find that modulating and allele dosage is sufficient to stratify these distinct outcomes, which can be either exacerbated or rescued with genetic manipulation of Notch signaling, demonstrating that perturbations of Jag/Notch signaling may be causal for the spectrum of ALGS liver severities.

Dissecting the genetic and microenvironmental factors of gastric tumorigenesis in mice.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most frequent and lethal malignancies in the world. However, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying its initiation and progression is limited. Here, we generate a series of primary GC models in mice with genome-edited gastric organoids, which elucidate the genetic drivers for sequential transformation from dysplasia to well-differentiated and poorly differentiated GC.

Acquired semi-squamatization during chemotherapy suggests differentiation as a therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer.

Cisplatin-based chemotherapy remains the primary treatment for unresectable and metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancers (MIBCs). However, tumors frequently develop chemoresistance. Here, we established a primary and orthotopic MIBC mouse model with gene-edited organoids to recapitulate the full course of chemotherapy in patients.

KMT2C deficiency promotes small cell lung cancer metastasis through DNMT3A-mediated epigenetic reprogramming.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is notorious for its early and frequent metastases, which contribute to it as a recalcitrant malignancy. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying SCLC metastasis, we generated SCLC mouse models with orthotopically transplanted genome-edited lung organoids and performed multiomics analyses. We found that a deficiency of KMT2C, a histone H3 lysine 4 methyltransferase frequently mutated in extensive-stage SCLC, promoted multiple-organ metastases in mice.

The role of bone grafts in displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures: A prospective study protocol.

Background:: Whether the bone graft is needed in treating the displaced intra-articular calcaneal fractures (DIACFs) is still controversial. Therefore, in our study, we will explore the results of 2 approaches for the DIACFs surgical treatment.

Methods:: The present report follows the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) guidelines.

Inflammatory response and oxidative stress attenuated by sulfiredoxin‑1 in neuron‑like cells depends on nuclear factor erythroid‑2‑related factor 2.

Sulfiredoxin‑1 (SRX1) is a conserved endogenous antioxidative protein, which is involved in the response to cellular damage caused by oxidative stress. Oxidative stress and inflammation are the primary pathological changes in spinal cord injuries (SCI). The aim of present study was to explore the roles of SRX1 in SCI.

The Role of HER2 in Self-Renewal, Invasion, and Tumorigenicity of Gastric Cancer Stem Cells.

Background: Deregulation of HER2 expression could affect the biological characteristics of gastric cancer cells and treatment option for gastric cancer patients. This research aims to investigate the impact of HER2 on biological characteristics of gastric cancer stem cells (GCSCs) and prognosis of gastric cancer patients.

Methods: HER2 knockdown in GCSCs were constructed by lentivirus transfection.

17β-Estradiol Prevents Extracellular Matrix Degradation by Downregulating MMP3 Expression via PI3K/Akt/FOXO3 Pathway.

Study Design: In vitro studies of the role of 17β-estradiol (E2) and its possible targets in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD).

Objective: To define the regulatory role of E2 in IDD and the potential mechanisms.

Summary Of Background Data: IDD has intricate etiology that is influenced by multiple risk factors.

Investigations on pyrolysis of microalgae Diplosphaera sp. MM1 by TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS: Products and kinetics.

In this work, pyrolysis characteristics and kinetics of microalgae Diplosphaera sp. MM1 cultivated in different mediums were investigated by TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS. Harvested MM1s biomass varied with the changing in proximate and ultimate analyses presented different weight loss behaviors.

[Imaging measurement and clinical significance of the angle between the axis of pedicle and the plane of lamina in lower cervical vertebra].

To explore the imaging measurement and clinical significance of the angle between the axis of pedicle and the plane of lamina in lower cervical vertebra.
 Methods: Three dimensional reconstruction of CT scan was performed in 30 patients with cervical deformity, and the angle between the axis of pedicle and the plane of lamina was measured with the specific reconstructed CT image of C3-C7.
 Results: 1) The left and right transverse angle of C3-C7 between the axis of pedicle and the ipsilateral plane of lamina were 98.

Clinical significance of putative markers of cancer stem cells in gastric cancer: A retrospective cohort study.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are thought as the source of tumor maintaining and many CSCs markers have been identified. Regarding the heterogeneity in gastric cancer (GC), TNM stage is not enough to accurately predict the prognosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of CSCs markers (Lgr5, Oct4, CD133, EpCAM, CD54 and Sox2) and establish a new model based on these markers to accurately predict prognosis of GC.

Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells Are Associated With Prognosis of Gastric Cancer.

Immune cells contribute to determining the prognosis of gastric cancer. However, their exact role is less clear. We determined the prognostic significance of different immune cells in intratumoral tissue (T), stromal tissue (S), and adjacent normal tissue (N) of 166 gastric cancer cases and their interactions, including CD3+, CD4+, CD8, CD57+, CD68+, CD66b+, and Foxp3+ cells, and established an effective prognostic nomogram based on the immune reactions.

Comparisons Between Different Procedures of No. 10 Lymphadenectomy for Gastric Cancer Patients With Total Gastrectomy.

To compare the effectiveness and safety of in-vivo dissection procedure of No. 10 lymph nodes with those of ex-vivo dissection procedure for gastric cancer patients with total gastrectomy.Patients were divided into in-vivo group and ex-vivo group according to whether the dissection of No.