Effects of N management optimization practices on rice productivity and N loss: a meta-analysis.

Introduction: Optimizing nitrogen (N) fertilizer management is key to reducing active N losses in farmland. While current research has proposed various methods to minimize N losses, it often overlooks the need for integrated strategies that address both N losses and crop productivity. By clarifying the impact of different N fertilizer optimization practices on crop productivity and N loss, rational N fertilizer management strategies can be adopted to achieve stable crop yields and reduction in N application rates.

Potential of Establishing the Universal Critical Nitrogen Dilution Curve for Japonica Rice.

Establishing the universal critical nitrogen (N) dilution curve can assist in crop N diagnosis at the regional scale. This study conducted 10-year N fertilizer experiments in Yangtze River Reaches to establish universal N dilution curves for Japonica rice based on simple data-mixing (SDM), random forest algorithm (RFA), and Bayesian hierarchical model (BHM), respectively. Results showed that parameters and were affected by the genetic and environmental conditions.

Improving the spatial and temporal estimation of ecosystem respiration using multi-source data and machine learning methods in a rainfed winter wheat cropland.

The investigation of ecosystem respiration (RE) and its vital influential factors along with the timely and accurate detection of spatiotemporal variations in RE are essential for guiding agricultural production planning. RE observation in the plot region is primarily based on the laborious chamber method. However, upscaling the spatial-temporal estimates of RE at the canopy scale is still challenging.

Evaluation of Three Portable Optical Sensors for Non-Destructive Diagnosis of Nitrogen Status in Winter Wheat.

The accurate estimation and timely diagnosis of crop nitrogen (N) status can facilitate in-season fertilizer management. In order to evaluate the performance of three leaf and canopy optical sensors in non-destructively diagnosing winter wheat N status, three experiments using seven wheat cultivars and multi-N-treatments (0-360 kg N ha) were conducted in the Jiangsu province of China from 2015 to 2018. Two leaf sensors (SPAD 502, Dualex 4 Scientific+) and one canopy sensor (RapidSCAN CS-45) were used to obtain leaf and canopy spectral data, respectively, during the main growth period.

[Clinical application of sural neurocutaneous island flaps].

Objective: To explore the clinical application characteristics of sural neurocutaneous island flaps.

Methods: Sural neurocutaneous island flaps were used to repair the skin defect accompanied bone and tendon exposure in the lower leg, around the ankle and foot in 21 cases, including 4 cases to repair the foreside of the foot back . Direct flap was used in 5 cases and reverse flap in 16 cases.

[The expanded cross-leg flap for repairing the soft tissue defects of the instep].

Objective: To explore the clinical application of the expanded cross-leg flap for repairing instep soft tissue defects with bone exposure.

Methods: The expanded cross-leg flap was used to repair instep defects in 10 patients. After flap transferring the donor site was closed directly without skin grafting.