Accelerating enrichment of ARGs and MGEs with increasing ammonium removal during partial nitrification treating high-strength ammonia wastewater.

Free ammonia (FA) and free nitrous acid (FNA) are critical operational parameters to maintain partial nitrification (PN) in treating high-strength ammonia wastewater. However, whether FA and FNA, as non-antibiotic antimicrobial chemicals, could directly enhance antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) enrichment during PN is still unclear. This study deciphered the prevalence of ARGs, potential mobility, and hosts under different ammonium removal efficiencies (ARE) (different FA and FNA) during stable PN.

The effects of small plastic particles on antibiotic resistance gene transfer revealed by single cell and community level analysis.

Small plastic particles with sizes comparable to bacterial cells, widely exist in environment. However, their effects on antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) dissemination remain unclear. Using polystyrene (PS) particles (0.

Current examining methods and mathematical models of horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment.

The increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment has garnered significant attention due to their health risk to human beings. Horizontal gene transfer (HGT) is considered as an important way for ARG dissemination. There are four general routes of HGT, including conjugation, transformation, transduction and vesiduction.