[A case of recurrent cerebellitis leading to the diagnosis of mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS)].

The patient was a 41-year-old man with a history of diabetes mellitus since the age of 22 years and a family history of diabetes in his mother. He had repeated headaches, cerebellar symptoms, and bilateral cerebellar lesions on brain MRI (DWI, T FLAIR hyperintensities). He was previously diagnosed with cerebellitis and treated with steroids at another hospital.

Isoflurane activates the type 1 ryanodine receptor to induce anesthesia in mice.

Inhaled anesthetics were first introduced into clinical use in the 1840s. Molecular and transgenic animal studies indicate that inhaled anesthetics act through several ion channels, including γ-aminobutyric acid type A receptors (GABAARs) and two-pore domain K+ (K2P) channels, but other targets may mediate anesthetic effects. Mutations in the type 1 ryanodine receptor (RyR1), which is a calcium release channel on the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, are relevant to malignant hyperthermia, a condition that can be induced by inhaled anesthetics.

Anomalous celiac trunk associated with accessory spleens and variant renal and inferior phrenic vessels: case report and brief review.

Background: Identification of anatomical variations in the celiac trunk is crucial for the success of various diagnostic and surgical procedures, including liver transplantation, splenectomy, and hepatobiliary and pancreatic operations. A lack of studies exists reporting the coexistence of celiac trunk variants and visceral variations, such as an accessory spleen.

Case Report: During a routine dissection of 26 formalin-fixed cadavers for undergraduate students, the authors observed an anomalous celiac trunk in a 78-year-old woman.

Low prealbumin level is a poor prognostic biomarker for surgically treated pancreatic cancer.

The present study aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of preoperative prealbumin levels in patients with surgically treated pancreatic cancer. The present retrospective study included 95 patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent radical surgery between January 2011 and December 2021. Of the patients, 49 were male and 46 were female, with a median age of 73 years.

Analyzing Occupational Performance of Children With Handwriting Difficulties: Parent and Teacher Experiences and Perspectives.

Handwriting is a crucial skill for elementary school students that involves complex subskills, including visual coordination, motor planning, cognitive abilities, and self-regulation. To inform intervention plans and support occupational performance and participation, occupational therapists use occupational profiles and performance analysis to assess children's strengths, weaknesses, handwriting performance, and school and personal contexts. This study is aimed at identifying and assessing the characteristics, as perceived by parents and teachers, that both facilitate and impede the improvement of children's handwriting.

Association of Enterococcus faecalis and tyrosine decarboxylase gene levels with levodopa pharmacokinetics in Parkinson's disease.

Multiple factors affect the absorption of orally administered levodopa, the gold standard for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) expresses the enzyme tyrosine decarboxylase (tyrDC), which metabolizes levodopa into dopamine and thereby may influence its absorption in patients with PD.

Restoration effect of chemically modified microRNA-143-3p on acute myocardial infarction in animal models.

We investigated whether miR143#12, a synthesized chemically modified miR-143-3p derivative, exerts therapeutic effects on acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Sprague-Dawley rats and Japanese white rabbits underwent 30 min of coronary occlusion followed by 2 weeks of reperfusion. The rat AMI model was intravenously administered with control miRNA (9 μg/kg), 3 μg/kg or 9 μg/kg of miR143#12 1 h after reperfusion, while the rabbit AMI model was intravenously administered with control miRNA (9 μg/kg) or 9 μg/kg of miR143#12.

Role of CD44-Positive Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Highly Metastatic Mouse Mammary Carcinoma Cells in Pre-Metastatic Niche Formation.

Malignant breast cancers pose a notable challenge when it comes to treatment options. Recently, research has implicated extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by cancer cells in the formation of a pre-metastatic niche. Small clumps of CD44-positive breast cancer cells are efficiently transferred through CD44-CD44 protein homophilic interaction.

CSF Neopterin Levels Are Elevated in Various Neurological Diseases and Aging.

: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neopterin reflects inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS) and is a potentially useful biomarker for neuroinflammatory assessment and differential diagnosis. However, its optimal cut-off level in adult patients with neurological disease has not been established and it has not been adequately studied in controls. We aimed to determine its usefulness as a biomarker of neuroinflammation and the effect of age on its level.

The acceptance of the potential use of social robots for children with autism spectrum disorder by Indonesian occupational therapists: a mixed methods study.

Purpose: Social robots have shown positive effects in treating children with autism spectrum disorder. The development of social robots in Indonesia has enabled their potential use in occupational therapy. This study aimed to investigate the factors influencing the acceptance of the potential use of social robots by Indonesian occupational therapists in clinical practice.

Prognostic and diagnostic effects of high serum midkine levels in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

Midkine (MK) is a soluble cytokine, and its serum levels strongly correspond to protein expression levels in tumors. The present study aimed to clarify the clinicopathological and prognostic significance of serum MK (s-MK) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Serum samples were obtained before surgery from 123 patients with HCC who had undergone surgery between January 2012 and December 2020.

Laser speckle flowgraphy has comparable accuracy to indocyanine green fluorescence angiography in assessing bowel blood perfusion.

Purpose: To investigate the accuracy of laser speckle flowgraphy (LSFG), a noninvasive method for the quantitative evaluation of blood flow using mean blur rate (MBR) as a blood flow parameter in the assessment of bowel blood perfusion compared to indocyanine green fluorescence angiography (ICG-FA).

Methods: We enrolled 46 patients who underwent left-sided colorectal surgery. LSFG and ICG-FA were applied to assess blood bowel perfusion, with MBR and luminance as parameters, respectively.

Enhanced autophagy and phagocytosis of apoptotic lymphocytes in splenic macrophages of acute ethanol-treated rats: Light and electron microscopic studies.

Autophagy is a prosurvival mechanism for the clearance of damaged cellular components, specifically upon exposure to various stressors. In lymphoid organs, excessive ethanol consumption increases lymphocyte apoptosis, resulting in immunosuppression. However, ethanol-induced autophagy and related phagocytosis of apoptotic lymphocytes in the spleen have not been studied yet.

Optimization of oral entacapone administration in patients undergoing levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel treatment.

Background: Levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) treatment markedly reduces motor fluctuations in patients with Parkinson's disease; however, some patients undergoing LCIG treatment may demonstrate clinical deterioration in the afternoon. Entacapone, a catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitor, may be a promising adjunctive option for LCIG-treated patients; however, the optimal timing of oral entacapone administration to ameliorate clinical symptoms in the afternoon remains unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the optimal timing of oral entacapone administration in patients with Parkinson's disease undergoing LCIG treatment.

[A Case of Synchronous Bilateral Breast Cancer with Apocrine Feature].

The patient, a 79-year-old woman, noticed a lump in her left breast, prompting her visit to our hospital. A mass approximately 20 mm in size was palpated in the left A region. Mammography showed a spiculated mass in the left MIO region, while breast ultrasonography revealed an irregularly shaped hypoechoic mass in the left A region, as well as a hypoechoic area in the right C region.

Usability of Public Play Spaces for Children with Disabilities.

Purpose: To investigate the usability of public play spaces for children with disabilities by exploring their experiences in accessing and using these spaces and to further discuss recommendations for designing such spaces that are usable for these children.

Methods: A hermeneutic phenomenological approach was employed to explore the experience of children with disabilities regarding the public play spaces. Seven children and their caregivers from two inclusive elementary schools in Central Java Province, Indonesia, participated in the study.

The Meaning of Occupation for Adults With Advanced Cancer: A Scoping Review.

Importance: In this scoping review, we explore the meaning of occupation for people with advanced cancer to develop and improve occupation-based services in oncology.

Objective: To identify the meaning(s) of occupation for adults with advanced cancer through relevant peer-reviewed literature.

Data Sources: Scopus, CINAHL, Medline, and PubMed were used to identify peer-reviewed articles published between 2011 and 2021.

Safety of laparoscopic liver resection for high-risk patients.

Background/purpose: To investigate the safety of laparoscopic liver resections (LLRs) for high-risk patients (HRs) with preoperative comorbidities affecting the heart, lungs, kidneys, glucose tolerance, and central nervous system.

Methods: This retrospective study included 585 patients who had undergone total hepatectomies from 2006 to 2020. Among them, 239 patients underwent LLRs, and 349 underwent open liver resections (OLRs).

Experimental Study of Warburg Effect in Keloid Nodules: Implication for Downregulation of miR-133b.

Background: A keloid is composed of several nodules, which are divided into two zones: the central zone (CZ; a hypoxic region) and the marginal zone (MZ; a normoxic region). Keloid nodules play a key role in energy metabolic activity for continuous growth by increasing in number and total area. In this study, we aimed to investigate the roles of the zones in the execution of the Warburg effect and identify which microRNAs regulate this phenomenon in keloid tissue.

Occupation-focused wheelchair training interventions to support the activity participation of children with mobility limitations: A rapid review of literature.

New types of wheelchairs are being introduced in the market to maximize opportunities for children to participate in meaningful occupations. However, interventions to support the inclusion of children with mobility limitations by using mobility support are desirable as these children continue to experience barriers to community and school participation, happiness, and inclusion. Little is known about the training programs and interventions designed to effectively integrate wheelchair use into the occupations of children with mobility limitations.

Emerging mechanistic insights of selective autophagy in hepatic diseases.

Macroautophagy (hereafter referred to as autophagy), a highly conserved metabolic process, regulates cellular homeostasis by degrading dysfunctional cytosolic constituents and invading pathogens the lysosomal system. In addition, autophagy selectively recycles specific organelles such as damaged mitochondria ( mitophagy), and lipid droplets (LDs; lipophagy) or eliminates specialized intracellular pathogenic microorganisms such as hepatitis B virus (HBV) and coronaviruses ( virophagy). Selective autophagy, particularly mitophagy, plays a key role in the preservation of healthy liver physiology, and its dysfunction is connected to the pathogenesis of a wide variety of liver diseases.