Harnessing cell cycle intervention and evading P-glycoprotein efflux: natural product-inspired C2-aminophenyl chromones as dual modulators against multidrug-resistant cancer.

The resilience of cancer cells to current anti-neoplastic agents remains a significant challenge in oncology, underscoring the pressing requirement for novel candidates to overcome multidrug-resistant (MDR) malignancies. Building on the C2-functionalized chromone scaffold, herein, a structure-activity relationship (SAR) investigation centered on the C2-atomic bridge identified C2-aminophenyl chromone as a privileged scaffold for tumoricidal compounds. Within this chemotype, 12m and 12n emerged as promising candidates, exhibiting potent anti-proliferative activity against not only drug-sensitive KB cells (IC = 0.

Comparative effectiveness of primary tumor resection versus chemotherapy in patients with asymptomatic unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study using the target trial emulation framework.

Patients who undergo primary tumor resection (PTR) reportedly have significantly higher overall survival (OS) than those who do not undergo this procedure. However, this result is only evident in past retrospective studies, and clinical trial results did not show the same trend. Thus, it remains unclear whether primary tumor resection effectively increases survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) across different study designs.

Assessing the effectiveness of targeted agents in adjuvant therapy for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer undergoing surgical resection: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Primary tumor resection and metastasectomy may be beneficial for many patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).

Objective: To assess the differences in postoperative survival outcomes between adjuvant therapy with chemotherapy alone and chemotherapy plus targeted agents (TAs).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Comparative Effectiveness of Adjuvant Therapy on Survival in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Background/aim: Postoperative survival outcomes are crucial in treatment decision making. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC)-alone with that of chemotherapy + targeted agents (CTA) in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and to investigate the association between neoadjuvant therapy and survival.

Patients And Methods: Patients who underwent primary tumor excision and metastasectomy were identified in the Taiwan Cancer Registry from 2010 to 2019.

Comparative Effectiveness of Cetuximab Panitumumab in Patients With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Nationwide Database Study.

Background/aim: The study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cetuximab and panitumumab on the survival of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer or those who had undergone conversion surgery and to identify their prognostic factors.

Patients And Methods: This retrospective cohort study used data from patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who received cetuximab or panitumumab as first-line targeted agent-based therapy. Overall survival and conversion surgery rates were evaluated, and the prognostic factors were determined.

Ichthyosis with superimposed mycosis fungoides, a rare case of generalized erythema with malaise.

Ichthyosiform eruption of mycosis fungoides is rare, and ichthyosis with superimposed mycosis fungoides is scarcely ever seen; only a few cases have been documented in the medical literature. Furthermore, the patients with ichthyosiform lesions may indicate the presence of an underlying systemic disease, paraneoplastic syndrome, or an atypical manifestation of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Thus, determining the accurate etiology is important to establish the correct diagnosis and subsequently facilitate its management.

Mortality of patients with metastatic colorectal cancer who received elective or emergent operation after exposure to bevacizumab: A nationwide database study.

Introduction: Treatment guidelines for colorectal cancer (CRC) indicate that surgical intervention within 4 weeks or 8 weeks after bevacizumab therapy might increase the risk of postoperative complications and mortality, especially in patients who received emergent operation. Therefore, we aimed to assess the association between different surgical timings, emergent or elective surgery, and the risk of postoperative mortality.

Materials And Methods: Using the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database and Taiwan Cancer Registry, we identified patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) who underwent surgery within 1 year of receiving bevacizumab between January 2010 and December 2017.

Diving, lifting, and horizontal dissection followed by loop-clip traction (DLH+T) can facilitate mucosal flap creation during colorectal ESD.

Background: Colorectal ESD is difficult because of the poor maneuverability and difficulty of mucosal flap creation. Diving, Lifting and Horizontal (DLH) dissection technique and loop-clip traction are two different methods to facilitate mucosal trimming and adequate mucosal flap creation. We combined the advantages of these two techniques (DLH+T) in our daily practice colorectal ESD since July 2020.

Real-Time Gauging of the Gelling Maturity of Duck Eggs Pickled in Strong Alkaline Solutions.

Although many ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared transmission spectroscopy techniques have been applied to chicken egg studies, such techniques are not suitable for duck eggs because duck eggshells are much thicker than chicken eggshells. In this study, a high-transmission spectrometer using an equilateral prism as a dispersive element and a flash lamp as a light source was constructed to nondestructively detect the transmission spectrum of duck eggs and monitor the pickling of eggs. The evolution of egg transmittance was highly correlated with the albumen during pickling.

Shared decision-making and patient decision aids in choosing first-line targeted therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer in Taiwan.

Introduction: In Taiwan, given the discrepancy between current treatment guidelines and reimbursement options, patients might require a tool to support their decision-making process when selecting a regimen for metastatic colorectal cancer, especially therapeutic strategies, and subsequent costs, along with efficacy and safety outcomes. Therefore, we developed a patient decision aid (PDA) to support patients in choosing between treatment options recommended based on the current evidence and those reimbursed by the Taiwanese National Health Insurance.

Methods: By carefully reviewing the updated data and then interpreting the clinical tool, we conducted a needs assessment using a serial questionnaire to test for a step-by-step adjustment of the PDA.

Kinetics of hepatitis B surface antigen and estimated glomerular filtration rate in telbivudine-treated hepatitis B patients with different rescue strategies.

This study investigated the kinetics of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen (qHBsAg) in telbivudine (LdT)-treated chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients whose treatment was subsequently adjusted with the adding on adefovir or by switching to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) as rescue. Of 295 CHB patients initially treated with LdT, 102 of them who subsequently receiving either adding-on adefovir (group A, n = 58) or switching to TDF (group B, n = 44) for more than 24 months were enrolled. Serial eGFR and qHBsAg levels (3 to 6 monthly) in both LdT monotherapy and rescue therapy periods were analyzed retrospectively.

Rapid determination of isoflavones and other bioactive compounds in soybean using SWATH-MS.

Isoflavones are the major bioactive components in soybeans. Sequential window acquisition of all theoretical fragment ions (SWATH) is a kind of data-independent acquisition (DIA), such that all fragments of each precursor will be preserved in a SWATH-Mass Spectrometry (SWATH-MS) run. In this study, a high-throughput SWATH-MS method for the determination of 12 isoflavones in soybeans was established.

Endoscope rotating technique is useful for difficult colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Background: Conventional lesion-up colorectal ESD has the potential risk of iatrogenic perforation due to the knife's direction toward the muscular layer of the bowel wall. If we rotate the endoscope to the proper position, the mucosal flap is easy to be lifted down by tip attachment and the knife is easy to approach the proper dissection plane, which may prevent the perforation and facilitate difficult ESD.

Methods: We aimed to retrospectively assess the safety and efficacy of this rotating technique compared with the conventional lesion-up dissection regardless of shape, location, or size of the tumor, and investigated in short- and long-term outcomes following the ESD procedure.

Risk factors for Barrett's esophagus in young adults who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy in a health examination center.

Background: Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a premalignant condition with increased incidence worldwide both in old and young individuals. However, the role of certain potential risk factors remains unclear in young adults (< 50 years). We aimed to determine the risk factors of BE in young adults.

Role of Fatty Liver Index and Metabolic Factors in the Prediction of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in a Lean Population Receiving Health Checkup.

Objectives: Some metabolic factors and noninvasive markers, including fatty liver index (FLI), are used to predict nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obese patients. Despite the increasing prevalence of NAFLD in lean patients (lean-NAFLD), the risk factors and predictors are not well determined in this population. We investigated factors associated with lean-NAFLD and validated their predictive ability.

Incidence and Clinical Outcomes of Gonadal Artery Injury during Colorectal Surgery in Male Patients.

Background: Gonadal artery is susceptible to accidental injury due to their anatomical proximity to the colon and rectum. There are few literature reviews focusing on this injury during colorectal surgery. We conduct a retrospective study to evaluate the incidence and the clinical significance of these injuries in terms of testicular size and testicular enhancement on the contrast CT scan.

Anticancer effects of methotrexate in combination with α‑tocopherol and α‑tocopherol succinate on triple‑negative breast cancer.

Triple‑negative breast cancers (TNBCs) lack the estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). Therefore, hormone or targeted therapies are not effective in the treatment of TNBC and thus the development of novel therapeutic strategies is crucial. Methotrexate (MTX), a folate antagonist, has been used in the treatment of various types of cancer; however, the anticancer effects of MTX treatment on breast cancer have thus far been ineffective.

Placement of SurgiWrap® adhesion barrier film around the protective loop stoma after laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery may reduce the peristomal adhesion severity and facilitate the closure.

Purpose: A temporary loop stoma is often created after laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery. Peristomal adhesions may make stoma closure into a complicated operation. We demonstrated how to place the SurgiWrap® adhesion barrier film and evaluated the peristomal adhesion severity and feasibility of stoma closure.

Advanced rechargeable aluminium ion battery with a high-quality natural graphite cathode.

Recently, interest in aluminium ion batteries with aluminium anodes, graphite cathodes and ionic liquid electrolytes has increased; however, much remains to be done to increase the cathode capacity and to understand details of the anion-graphite intercalation mechanism. Here, an aluminium ion battery cell made using pristine natural graphite flakes achieves a specific capacity of ∼110 mAh g with Coulombic efficiency ∼98%, at a current density of 99 mA g (0.9 C) with clear discharge voltage plateaus (2.

The spectral heterogeneity and size distribution of the carbon dots derived from time-resolved fluorescence studies.

We performed comprehensive studies on the photoluminescence properties of the carbon dots prepared from citric acid (C-dots) and citric acid + ethylenediamine (C-dots). The cryogenic experiment confirmed that the excitation dependent fluorescence and the spectral relaxation dynamics of the C-dots are associated with the presence of multiple emissive states/species in the C-dots instead of solvation dynamics. Moreover, we also compared the size of the C-dots estimated from the TEM/AFM images and fluorescence anisotropy methods.

Theophylline-Based KMUP-1 Improves Steatohepatitis via MMP-9/IL-10 and Lipolysis via HSL/p-HSL in Obese Mice.

KMUP-1 (7-[2-[4-(2-chlorobenzene)piperazinyl]ethyl]-1,3-dimethylxanthine) has been reported to cause hepatic fat loss. However, the action mechanisms of KMUP-1 in obesity-induced steatohepatitis remains unclear. This study elucidated the steatohepatitis via matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and related lipolysis via hormone sensitive lipase (HSL) and adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) by KMUP-1.

T cells down-regulate macrophage TNF production by IRAK1-mediated IL-10 expression and control innate hyperinflammation.

Endotoxemia is caused by excessive inflammation, but the immune system has various mechanisms to avoid collateral organ damage in endotoxemia. A handful of reports have shown that innate immune responses are suppressed by the adaptive immune system. However, the molecular mechanism by which adaptive immune cells suppress innate inflammatory responses is not clear.