Liyan Kaiyin Formula relieves reflux pharyngitis by regulating M1 macrophage polarization via the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.

Background: We aimed to investigate whether Liyan Kaiyin Formula (LYKYF) can relieve reflux pharyngitis in rats by regulating M1 macrophage polarization via the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) pathway.

Methods: Forty rats were randomized into a sham group, a laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) group, a LYKYF group and a LYKYF+CHPG group (n = 10). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was conducted to measure the serum levels of inflammatory factors interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α).

Xiaoqinglong Decoction Attenuates Inflammatory Response and Mitochondrial Injury by Regulating the MyD88/NF-κB Pathway Dependent of TLR4 in Allergic Rhinitis.

Introduction: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a systemic immune inflammatory response disease of the nasal mucosa. Current treatment strategies for AR are limited, owing to a lack of safety and the inability to cure the condition completely. Xiaoqinglong decoction (XQLD), a classical chinese medicine prescription, is widely used to treat AR with a good curative effect.